Economic regulation of gas prices in European Union with overview on Republic of Croatia : master's thesis

U slučaju prirodnog monopola, kada na tržištu nema konkurencije, ukupno blagostanje stanovništva tokom vremena se smanjuje. Monopolne kompanije ne moraju se zabrinjavati "otvorenom tržišnom utakmicom" postajući zbog toga sve manje efikasne i inovativne. Kako bi se to spriječilo, države osnivaju nacionalna regulatorna tijela koja će ulogu konkurencije nadomjestiti regulacijom i koja će razviti regulatorne modele koji bi istovremeno trebali zaštiti kupca i povećati učinkovitost poslovanja kompanije. Regulacija se, između ostalog, provodi regulacijom cijena koje se određuju primjenom tarifnih sustava. Pri određivanju visine tarifnih stavki, važno je da odobrena cijena ne smije narušiti financijsku stabilnost tvrtke koja ju primjenjuje. Do sada, razvijene su mnoge metode ekonomske regulacije koje se općenito mogu podijeliti na poticajne i nepoticajne.Abstract: In case of a natural monopoly, when market competition does not exist, altogether resident prosperity decreases with time. Monopol companies are not concerned with "open market match" which is making them less efficient and innovative. To prevent that, states are establishing national regulatory bodies that will substitute competition with regulation and that will deploy regulatory models that will have to protect the consumers and increase the efficiency of business activity at the same time. Regulation, among other things, is carried out by regulating the prices that are determined by tariff systems. While determining the value of tariff rate it's important that the approved price doesn't preturb the financial stability of the company that is using it. So far, many methods of economic regulation are developed and generally they can be divided into two categories: incentive based regulation and non-incentive regulation