The effect of microelements on content of bioactive compounds in strawberry fruits

Poznato je kako su mikroelementi esencijalni za normalan rast i razvoj biljke, a njihovim dodatnim unosom u tlo neposredno se utječe na prinos i kvalitetu sirovine. Mikroelementi poput cinka, mangana, bakra i željeza, sudjeluju u raznim biološkim procesima u biljci, a posebnu važnost imaju u metaboličkim putevima sinteze raznih bioaktivnih spojeva. Cilj ovog rada bio je utvrditi utjecaj gnojiva različitog sastava mikroelemenata na pomološke karakteristike i sadržaj bioaktivnih spojeva ploda jagode. Biljke tretirane gnojivima na bazi mikroelemenata ostvarile su značajno veće vrijednosti mase i veličine ploda, odnosno utvrđen je značajan utjecaj tretiranja navedenim gnojivima na morfološka svojstva ploda. Osim na morfološka svojstva ploda, aplikacija gnojiva na bazi mikroelemenata značajno je utjecala i na pojedina fizikalno-kemijska svojstva sirovine i to na sadržaj: ukupne suhe tvari, topljive suhe tvari i ukupnih kiselina te na neke bioaktivne spojeve poput vitamina C i antocijana prilikom čega su za sve navedene parametre utvrđene značajno veće vrijednosti prilikom tretiranja navedenim gnojivom. Tretman gnojidbe mikroelementima negativno je utjecao na tvrdoću plodova. Također, nisu utvrđene značajne razlike u boji ploda između kontrolne skupine i tretiranih biljaka, odnosno tretman navedenim gnojivom nije značajno utjecao na promjenu boje ploda jagode. Temeljem dobivenih rezultata može se zaključiti kako se primjenom gnojiva na bazi mikroelemenata može utjecati na morfološka svojstva i neke bioaktivne spojeve neposredno povezane s kvalitetom ploda jagode.It is well known that microelements are essential for normal growth and development of the plant, and their additional input into the soil directly affects on the yield and quality of the plants. Microelements such as zinc, manganese, copper and iron are involved in various biological processes in the plant, and are of particular importance in the metabolic pathways, synthesis of various bioactive compounds. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of fertilizer with different composition of microelements on pomological characteristics and content of bioactive compounds in strawberry fruit. The plants treated with microelement fertilizers achieved significantly higher values in weight and size of the fruit, respectively, significant effect on the morphological properties of treated plants was determined. In addition to the morphological properties of the fruit, the application of microelement fertilizers also had a significant effect on the content of certain physicochemical properties of the raw material, namely on the content of: total dry matter, total soluble solids and total acids, and some bioactive compounds such as vitamin C and anthocyanins. All mentioned parameters have been found to be significantly higher when treated by microelement fertilizer. Microelement fertilization treatment negatively affected on the fruit firmness. Also, no significant differences in the color of the fruit between the control group and the treated plants were not determined i.e. the treatment with fertilizer did not significantly affect on the change of strawberry color. Based on the obtained results can be concluded that using microelement based fertilizers can affect the morphological properties and some bioactive compounds directly related to the quality of strawberry fruit