Non-destructive testing of plain bearings on steam turbine

U pojedinim proizvodnim postrojenjima tvornice mineralnih gnojiva Petrokemija d.d. Kutina instalirane su industrijske parne turbine, kod kojih se za oslanjanje i statičko i dinamičko nošenja vratila rotora turbine koriste klizni ležajevi. Klizne ležajeve, kao vitalne dijelove parnih turbina, potrebno je periodički kontrolirati i po potrebi mijenjati rezervnim. Neispravan klizni ležaj dovodi do neplanskog zastoja u radu parne turbine. U nekim slučajevima neispravan ležaj može dovesti do havarijskih oštećenja u protočnom dijelu turbine. Zastoj parne turbine, koja je uglavnom vitalni stroj u proizvodnom procesu, dovodi do zastoja rada cijelog postrojenja, čime nastaju veliki gubici proizvodnje. Iz navedenih razloga, potrebno je periodički, u planskim zastojima provoditi kontrole kliznih ležajeva parne turbine. U radu je dan teoretski opis kontrola bez razaranja i njihova praktična primjena u kontroli kliznih ležajeva. Također, pokazana je analiza i evaluacija rezultata provedenih kontrola sukladno važećim međunarodnim normama.Industrial steam turbines are installed in some manufacturing facilities of the fertilizer company Petrokemija d.d. Kutina, in which the suspension and static and dynamic carrying of the turbine rotor shaft uses plain bearings. Plain bearings, as vital parts of steam turbines, need to be periodically monitored and if necessary, replaced with spare ones. Defective plain bearing leads to unplanned downtime of a steam turbine. In some cases, a faulty bearing can lead to a breakdown of the internal turbine parts. Downtime of a steam turbine, which is usually a vital machine in the production process, leads to a stop in the operation of the entire plant, which generates huge production losses. For these reasons, it is necessary to periodically, in planned downtimes, perform examination of the plain bearings of steam turbines. This work presents a theoretical description of Non-Destructive testing and its practical application in examination of the plain bearings. Also, shown is the analysis and evaluation of the results of checks carried out in accordance with applicable international standards