The EU Asylum Policy: The Case of the Refugee Crisis in Europe

Značajniji razvoj politike azila Europske unije počinje nakon Ugovora iz Amsterdama kada je prebačena iz trećeg u prvi nadnacionalni stup čime je Europska komisija dobila pravo zakonodavne inicijative u ovom području. Tada je osnovan i Zajednički sustav azila, a Ugovorom iz Lisabona su dodatno proširene ovlasti Europske unije u ovom području. Pristup Zajedničkom sustavu azila temeljen je na Konvenciji o statusu izbjeglica iz 1951. godine i pripadajućem Protokolu te načelu non-refoulement, a razrađen je direktivama i uredbama. Izbjeglička kriza koja je eskalirala 2015. godine potencirala je pitanje učinkovite provedbe europskog azilnog acquisa te ukazala na ograničenja dublinskog sustava. Azilno članstvo je i dalje pod nacionalnim nadzorom država članica Europske unije.A significant development of the asylum policy in the European Union started after the Treaty of Amsterdam, when it was transferred from the third to the first supranational pillar, which granted the European Commission the right of legislative initiative in this area. At that time the Common European Asylum System was established, with the Treaty of Lisbon additionally extending the authority of the European Union in this area. The access to the Common European Asylum System is based on the 1951 Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees, the accompanying Protocol, and the principle of non-refoulement, further developed through directives and ordinances. The refugee crisis which escalated in 2015 accentuated the issue of efficient implementation of the European asylum acquis, pointing to the limitations of the Dublin system. Asylum membership is still under the national supervision of the EU member states