Teorije o postanku glagoljice

Glagoljica je dio hrvatskog nacionalnog identiteta te se smatra hrvatskom kulturnom baštinom. Pitanja o povijesti slavenske pismenosti koja se nameću vrlo su složena i teška što rezultira nesložnošću među slavistima u odgovorima na ta pitanja jer izvori ne daju jasne odgovore na sve što znanost može zanimati pa je ostalo dosta mjesta za proturječne interpretacije o povijesti nastanka glagoljskog pisma. U povijesti proučavanja postanka glagoljice teorije su se dijelile na predćirilometodske koje su polazile od toga da je glagoljično pismo postojalo i prije djelovanja Svete braće i na ćirilometodske koje su smatrale da je Konstantin stvorio glagoljicu za potrebe širenja kršćanstva. U radu je prikazana danas općeprihvaćena podjela na egzogena skupina teorija čija su polazišta da za svaki glagoljični grafem traže uzor izvana u nekom drugom grafijskom sustavu; egzogeno-endogene teorije koje kreću od toga da se autor glagoljice ugledao u druga pisma, ali i da postoje elementi glagoljične strukture koji se ponavljaju, odnosno, iz jednoga glagoljskog grafema razvija ih se nekoliko; i na endogenu skupinu teorija koje ne uzimaju u obzir poticaje izvana, nego traže grafički ključ glagoljice, tj. traže elemente od kojih su svi grafemi načinjeni i načine slaganja tih elemenata. U novije vrijeme znanstvenici se slažu da je glagoljicu stvorio pojedinac, predaja o sv. Konstantinu kao autoru prvog slavenskog pisma bila je raširena te se njegovo ime redovito povezivalo uz glagoljicu, no ne može se sa sigurnošću danas reći da je njezin tvorac bio sv. Konstantin-Ćiril. Stoga, ostaje i dalje još mnogo prostora za buduća moguća tumačenja postanka glagoljskog pisma.Glagolitic script is part of Croatian national identity and it is entitled as a Croatian cultural heritage. The issues appearing on the matter of the history of Slavic literacy are very complex and difficult so the slavists are discordant in their studies because the sources do not provide clear answers to everything that science is interested in. Therefore, there is enough room for the opposed interpretations about the origins of the Glagolitic alphabet. In the history of research on the origins of the Glagolitic script there were theories divided to the pre-Cyril-Methodius of which the starting point was that Glagolitic script had existed even before the Saint Brothers' activities and the Cyril-Methodius which considered that Constantine created Glagolitic alphabet for the purposes of Christianity expansion. In this paper there has been showed a generally accepted distribution to the exogenous group of theories which claim that every Glagolitic grapheme had been designed after its model from another graphic system; the exogenous-endogenous theories which claim that the author of Glagolitic script imitated other scripts, but there are the features of Glagolitic structure that recur, i.e. there are several of them evolving from one Glagolitic grapheme; and the endogenous groups of theories which do not take into consideration the outside influences but look for a graphic key of the Glagolitic script, i.e. they look for the features that make all the graphemes and the ways of putting these features together. Recently, the scientists agree on the fact that the Glagolitic alphabet was created by an individual, the legend of St. Constantine as the author of the first Slavic script was widely spread and his name was often connected to Glagolitic, however, it cannot be surely disclosed that St. Constantine - Cyril had been its creator. Thus, there is a lot of room left for many future interpretations of the origins of the Glagolitic alphabet