Waste management in health care facility

U ovom radu želi se prikazati sustav upravljanja medicinskim otpadom u zdravstvenoj ustanovi, te učinkovitost njegove primjene na smanjenje količine i volumena otpada u zdravstvenim ustanovama. Zdravstvene ustanove su najveći proizvođači opasnog otpada koji zbog visokog stupnja rizika od razvoja raznih infekcija i ozljeda stvara jednu od najopasnijih grupa među opasnim otpadom. Neodgovarajući način postupanja i gospodarenja medicinskim otpadom može imati ozbiljne javnozdravstvene posljedice, te znatan utjecaj na okoliš. Cilj rada bio je ispitati i prikazati upravljanje otpadom u Specijalnoj bolnici za plućne bolesti, Zagreb, prikazati vrste otpada koji se generira u zdravstvenim ustanovama. Metode: U radu su korišteni i prikazani podaci o količinama otpada i načinima njegovog zbrinjavanja u periodu od 2010 do 2014. godine, a koji se rutinski svakodnevno prikupljaju u zdravstvenoj ustanovi, pregled podataka o medicinskom otpadu za period od 2010 - 2014 godine Agencije za zaštitu okoliša, prikaz petogodišnjeg plana gospodarenja otpadom u zdravstvenoj ustanovi. Rezultati: U Specijalnoj bolnici za plućne bolesti za razdoblje od 2010. do 2014. godine, uočen je eksponencijalni rast u količinama infektivnog medicinskog otpada, te u 2014. godini ukupna količina infektivnog medicinskog otpada iznosi 7,96 t. U Republici Hrvatskoj bilježi se smanjenje prijavljenih količina proizvedenog medicinskog otpada za 15%. Najveća količina medicinskog otpada proizvodi se na području Grada Zagreba 47%, gdje se nalazi i najveći broj zdravstvenih ustanova. Zaključak: U Specijalnoj bolnici za plućne bolesti u periodu od 2010 – 2014. godine uloženi su značajni napori u smislu pravilnog i sigurnog upravljanja medicinskim i ostalim otpadom. Od 2014. godine počinje se uvoditi sustav razvrstavanja otpada na mjestu njegova nastanka. Izrađen je petogodišnji Plan zbrinjavanja medicinskog otpada i Plan gospodarenja otpadom s točno definiranim nositeljima aktivnosti i rokovima. U sklopu navedenih planova značajno mjesto zauzima kontinuirana edukacija.This study aims to show the system of medical waste management in a medical institution, and the effectiveness of its application to reduce the amount and the volume of waste in health care institutions. Health facilities are the largest producers of hazardous waste due to the high degree of risk of developing a variety of infections and injuries creates one of the most dangerous group among the hazardous waste. Improperly handling and management of medical waste may have serious public health consequences and significant environmental impact. The aim of this study was to examine and show waste management in SB for pulmonary diseases, Zagreb, show the type of waste that is generated in health institutions. Methods: We have used and presented data on the quantities of waste and ways of its disposal during the period from 2010 to 2014, which is routinely collected daily in a medical institution, a review of data on medical waste for the period 2010-2014, the Agency for Protection environment and display the Five Year Plan of waste management in the health service. Results: In the Special Hospital for Pulmonary Diseases in the period from 2010 to 2014, there was an exponential increase in the quantities of infectious medical waste and in 2014 the total quantity of infectious medical waste amounts to 7.96 t. In Croatia there was a decrease in reported amounts of medical waste production by 15%. The maximum amount of medical waste produced in the city of Zagreb 47%, where it has the largest number of health care institutions. Conclusion: The SB for pulmonary diseases for in the period of 2010 - 2014. significant efforts were made in terms of the proper and safe management of medical and other waste. From 2014 begins to introduce a system of classification of waste on the site of its origin. It was made a five-year plan for waste management and Waste Management Plan, with the exact subjects within the deadlines. As part of the aforementioned plans, an important stage continuous education