Holidays with pay and mass tourism in the 20th century

Proces uvođenja plaćenog godišnjeg odmora kao prava svakog radnika bio je dugotrajan i složen. Prvi pokušaji radnika i radničkih sindikata za njegovim uvođenjem zbili su se netom prije i odmah po završetku Prvog svjetskog rata. U međuratnom razdoblju plaćeni je odmor bio predmet mnogih rasprava, a budući da su poslodavci, na pritisak sindikata, morali birati između uvođenja plaćenog godišnjeg odmora ili skraćivanja radnog vremena, odabrali su omogućiti radnicima pravo na plaćeni odmor u ograničenom obliku. Tada se godišnji odmor koristio u političke svrhe podizanja nacionalne svijesti i ponosa. Organizirale su se mnoge aktivnosti kako bi se ujedinila nacija. Pojedini režimi željeli su izravnije kontrolirati slobodno vrijeme radnika te pritom promicati svoju ideologiju. Nakon Drugog svjetskog rata europske su države uvidjele korist od uvođenja i ozakonjivanja plaćenog godišnjeg odmora i stvaranja uvjeta za razvoj turizma za široke mase. Plaćeni odmor ušao je u zakone država te se počelo ulagati u turističku infrastrukturu. Iskorištavaju se turistički potencijali i razvijaju se turističke destinacije. Radnici, odnosno turisti, počinju putovati u inozemstvo i provode odmor u ljetovalištima.The process of introducing holidays with pay as the entitlement of every worker was long and complicated. The first workers’ and unions’ attempts for its introduction happened just before and right after the World War I. In the inter-war period holidays with pay were the subject of many discussions. Since the employers, pressured by the unions, had to choose between holidays with pay and the reduction of weekly work-time, they chose to allow the workers to have their holidays with pay in a limited form. Holidays with pay were used for a political purpose of raising national consciousness and pride. Many activities have been organized to unite the nation. There were regimes which wanted to control workers’ free time and in the same time promote their ideology. After World War II European countries began to realize the benefits of implementation and juridification of the holidays with pay and creating conditions for development of tourism for large masses. Holidays with pay were legitimized by governments, thus initiating investments in tourist infrastructure. They started to fulfil their touristic potential and develop their tourist destinations. Workers, or tourists, started to travel abroad and spend their summer months at the seaside resorts