Effect of bone marrow transplantation on the recovery of diabetic mice CBA

Diabetes mellitus je kronična bolest okarakterizirana visokom razinom šećera u krvi i abnormalnim metabolizmom ugljikohidrata, proteina i masti. Uzrokuje ga nedostatak hormona inzulina u organizmu (Diabetes mellitus tipa 1) ili nemogućnost organizma da iskoristi inzulin (Diabetes mellitus tipa 2). Inzulin proizvode β-stanice koje se nalaze u Langerhansovim otočićima u gušterači. Visoka razina glukoze u krvi tijekom dugog vremenskog razdoblja uzrokuje glikozilaciju proteina i izaziva sekundarne komplikacije kao što su retinopatija, neuropatija i nefropatija. Izloženost Langerhansovih otočića hiperglikemiji narušava ekspresiju gena u stanicama. U našem eksperimentu dijabetes je induciran miševima soja CBA / HZgr iniciranjem aloksana. Aloksan je kemijski spoj koji uzrokuje ireverzibilno oštećenje β-stanica gušterače i izaziva trajnu hiperglikemiju. Kako bi došlo do popravka oštećenja izazvanog djelovanjem aloksana u Langerhansovim otočićima, dijabetičnim miševima je transplantirana koštana srž singenog soja miševa. Imunohistokemijskim metodama su detektirane ekspresije Nanoga, PDX-1, ErbB-3 i inzulina u gušteračama i slezenama tretiranih životinja. Nakon 28. dana istraživanja uočene su stanice koštane srži u tkivu gušterače te regeneracija β-stanica unutar Langerhansovih otočića. Na temelju dobivenih rezultata može se zaključiti da je transplantacija koštane srži pospješila oporavak oštećenih Langerhansovih otočića.Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disorder characterized by high blood sugar levels and abnormal metabolism of carbohydrate, protein and fat. Diabetes is caused by a deficiency of the hormone insulin (Type 1 diabetes mellitus) or the body's inability to use insulin (Type II diabetes mellitus). Insulin is produced by β-cells located in the islets of Langerhans of the pancreas. High blood glucose levels, during long periods of time, causes proteins glycosylation and induces secondary complications like retinopathy, neuropathy, and nephropathy. Exposure of islets of Langerhans to hyperglycaemia is associated with a widespread disruption of gene expression in all islet cells. In our experiments diabetes was induced in CBA/HZgr mice by injection of alloxan. The Alloxan is a chemical compound that causes irreversible damage of pancreatic β-cells and induces persistent hyperglycaemia. To regenerate damaged islets syngeneic bone marrow was transplanted in alloxan-induced diabetic mice. The pancreas and spleen of this study were analyzed for expression of Nanog, PDX-1, ErbB-3 and Insulin by immune histochemistry. 28 days after transplantation bone marrow stem cells were detected inside of pancreatic tissue and the regeneration of the β-cells within islets of Langerhans was noticed. Based on the results we can conclude that transplantation of bone marrow promotes the recovery of damaged islets of Langerhans