WORK ABILITY OF PEOPLE WITH SCHIZOPHRENIA

Shizofrenija je kronični psihotični duševni poremećaj koji predstavlja klinički sindrom sastavljen od psihičkih i ponašajnih simptoma. Prvi cilj u liječenju osoba oboljelih od shizofrenije je ublažavanje akutnih simptoma bolesti. S obzirom da pacijenti obolijevaju više puta, potrebno je liječenjem prevenirati ponovno javljanje akutnih simptoma. Najbolji rezultati u liječenju se postižu kombinacijom lijekova i različitih psihosocijalnih postupaka te psihoterapijom i socioterapijom. Često se postavlja pitanje radne sposobnosti osoba oboljelih od shizofrenije koja predstavlja posljedicu interakcije različitih čimbenika, a koji su u radu opisani. Potrebno je napomenuti da je kod određenog broja oboljelih radna sposobnost očuvana, ovisno o tijeku bolesti. Procjena radne sposobnosti, koja je rezultat procjene multidisciplinarnog tima, uključuje procjenu radne sposobnosti prilikom zapošljavanja, tijekom radnog vijeka, kada može doći do privremene nesposobnosti za rad, te procjenu i odluku o tome je li radna sposobnost trajno smanjena ili potpuno izgubljena. Cilj ovog rada je opisati od čega se sastoji procjena radne sposobnosti s posebnim naglaskom na važnost koju rad ima na psihičko zdravlje osobe te kako očuvati ili poboljšati radnu sposobnost različitim psihosocijalnim postupcima u okviru programa rehabilitacije.Schizophrenia is a chronic psychotic mental disorder that is a clinical syndrome composed of psychic and behavioural symptoms. The first goal in treating people with schizophrenia is to alleviate acute symptoms of the disease. Given the fact that patients get affected multiple times, it is necessary to seriously approach the treatment in order to prevent the repetition of the acute symptoms. Upon its treatment, the best results are achieved by combining pharmacotherapy and various psychosocial procedures along with psychotherapy and sociotherapy. The work ability of people with schizophrenia is often questioned because of the interaction of various factors, which will be described in the paper. It should be noted that for a certain number of people with schizophrenia, the work ability is preserved, but it also depends on course of the disease. The assessment of work ability is performed by a multidisciplinary team. The evaluation of the work ability happens during the recruitment, and especially during the work since there is always a chance that a temporary inability might occur. Therefore, the team evaluates if the work ability is temporarily reduced or is it completely lost. The aim of this paper is to describe what constitutes an assessment of work ability with special emphasis on the importance of work on the mental health of the person. Moreover, it will be explained how work ability can be preserved or improved through various psychosocial procedures within the rehabilitation program