The role of Botrytis cinerea in wine production

Botrytis cinerea je filamentozna gljivica koja ima dva suprotna učinka na vinovu lozu. Ako grožđe dobiva na kvaliteti razvija se plemenita plijesan, a ako grožđe trune dolazi do bolesti koja se naziva sivom plijesni. Siva plijesan je značajna bolest vinove loze diljem svijeta. Proces infekcije, od zdravog grožđa do pljesnivog grožđa, ovisi o vremenskim uvjetima okoline. Tijekom sazrijevanja grožđe gubi većinu svoje fizičke i kemijske zaštite te dolazi do kemijskih promjena u sastava grožđa zbog pojave plijesni. Brza stopa klijanja konidija, infekcije i micelijskog rasta u širokom rasponu klimatskih uvjeta, predstavljaju ozbiljne probleme. Nažalost mogućnost suzbijanja ove opasne bolesti grožđa nije zasada potpuno riješena. Od kemijskih sredstava za suzbijanje sive plijesni koriste se tzv. botriticidi. U svijetu se uz dodatak plemenite plijesni proizvode vrhunska slatka botritizirana vina kao što su npr. Semillon i Sauvignon Blanc iz Sauternesa, Francuska.Botrytis cinerea is a filamentous fungi which may cause both serious loss and enhancement of quality in viticulture. If the grape quality improves, noble rot is developed, and if the quality of grapes is reduced, the disease known as grey mold will arise. Grey mold is important grapevine disease all around the world. The infection process, from healthy to rotten grape, depends on environmental conditions. During maturation process, the grape loses most of its physical and chemical defenses and many chemical alterations in the composition of grape occur. Conidia germination, infection and germ tube growth that can occur in many different climatic conditions, resolve serious problems. Unfortunately, the possibility of repression of this serious viticulture disease is not completely solved. The loss in wine production continues to occur despite the avilability of new botryticides. Wines produced from noble rotted grapes are very concentrated and sweet, and some of the most famous botrytized wines in the world are Semillon and Sauvignon Blanc from France