The Role of UNEP in Environmental Protection - the Iraq War 1990 - 1991

Ovaj rad bavi se ekološkim posljedicama nastalim nakon sukoba u Iraku. Sukob između Iraka i Kuvajta donio je sa sobom brojne posljedice sa kojima se države nisu mogle same nositi, nego je bila potrebna pomoć izvana. Otvoreni ventili naftnih terminala, velike količine nafte u Zaljevu, namjerno ispuštanje oko 11 milijuna barela nafte, 700 zapaljenih bušotina na kuvajtskom području, dovelo je do oštećenja cijele infrastrukture, odnosno do ekološke katastrofe. UNEP se od početka sukoba aktivirao u ovome procesu kroz sljedeće zadatke: utvrđivanje stanja ekološkog sustava prije sukoba, utvrđivanje stanja ekološkog sustava nakon sukoba, nadziranje situacije kroz rad znanstvenika te kreiranje programa rehabilitacije ekološkog sustava uz suradnju sa drugim međunarodnim organizacijama. Iako su ovi zadaci zahtijevali puno planiranja, te je bilo teško pristupiti podacima, UNEP je kroz svoju misiju pristupio terenu i na temelju toga pripremio detaljna izvješća o stanju okoliša i skicu rehabilitacijskog programa ekološkog sustava, te pokazao da se međunarodne organizacije kroz proces suradnje mogu nositi sa ovakvim problemima te zajedničkim radom osmisliti planove rehabilitacije ekološkog sustava.This paper analyzes effects on the ecosystem after war in Iraq. Conflict between Iraq and Kuwait had many effects which needed guidance from outside, because countries that were part of the conflict couldn't handle the situation alone. Opened valves of oil terminals, lots of oil in the Persian Gulf, about 11 million barrels of oil deliberately released, 700 burning wells in the Kuwait area, had led to damage of the whole infrastructure, and to ecological disaster. UNEP had been activated in this process from the beginning of the conflict through next tasks: determining the state of the ecological system before the conflict, determining the state of the ecological system after the conflict, monitoring the situation through the work of scientist, and creating programs of rehabilitation of ecosystem through cooperation with other international organisations. Even though this process needed lot of planning, and it was hard to get validate data, UNEP had approached the area through field visits of its mission, and prepared detailed environmental reports and a draft rehabilitation program of the ecosystem, and it has proved that international organizations can deal with this kind or problems and make plans for rehabilitation of ecosystem through cooperation