Relationship between nutritional status and physical activity with sleeping in first grade high school students

Nedovoljno sna vrlo je istraživan čimbenik rizika pretilosti jer dovodi do promjene u simpatičkom živčanom sustavu, utječući na kontrolu apetita smanjenjem koncentracije leptina i povećanjem koncentracije grelina, ravnotežu energije, loše prehrambene navike, te na izbor hrane. U sklopu istraživanja SPORTS proučavale su se prehrambene i životne navike 769 adolescenata dobi 14- 17 godina, među kojima je bilo 362 djevojaka i 407 mladića. Rezultati su pokazali kako učenici koji spavaju manje od 5 sati, za razliku od onih koji spavaju preporučenih 8 sati dnevno, imaju veći unos energije za oko 500 kcal, te bitno manji dnevni unos vitamina C, češće konzumiraju napitke s dodanim šećerom, te češće imaju kasniji obrok. Nedovoljno sati sna jednako kao i povećan broj odspavanih sati nepovoljno se odražavaju na parametre poput udjela masnog tkiva, sume 4 kožna nabora i indeksa tjelesne mase. Ispitanici koji spavaju preporučenih 8 sati konzumiraju više voća i tjelesno su aktivniji, a manje posežu za slatkišima, grickalicama i brzom hranom.Insufficient sleep is a well recognised risk factor for obesity because it leads to change in sympathetic nervous system, affecting the control of appetite, by lowering leptin and raising concentration of ghrelin, affecting energy balance, adverse dietary habits, and food choice. In the SPORTS study, we observed dietary and lifestyle habits of 769 adolescents aged 14-17 years, 362 girls and 407 boys. Subjects that slept less than 5 hours, compared to those who slept 8 hours, had about 500 kcal higher energy intake and lower daily intake of vitamin C, higher consumption of sugar sweetened beverages and had more often late-hour meal. Insufficient sleep, but also higher than recommended hours of sleep negatively affected parameters like percentage of body fat, skinfold thickness and the body mass index. Subjects that slept 8 hours, consumed more fruits and are more physically active; eat fewer sweets, snacks and fast food