TRANSPORTATION IN THE POLITICAL AND LEGAL ENVIRONMENT OF THE EUROPEAN UNION

Mobilnost kapitala, roba, usluga i ljudi su jedan od temelja Europske unije. Ovaj diplomski rad fokusiran je na prijevoz kao medij ostvarenja mobilnosti nekih od navedenih faktora. Uz gospodarski razvoj Europske unije posljedično raste kvaliteta života i blagostanje, ali i obujam putničkog prijevoza i prijevoza tereta. Rast putničkog prijevoza uz istu tehnologiju znači povećanu potrošnju energije, što za održivi razvoj Europske unije svakako nije opcija. Iz tog razloga Europska unija postavila je ciljeve u svrhu smanjenja potrošnje energije i povećanja energetske učinkovitosti. Ciljevi energetske učinkovitosti predstavljeni su u publikaciji pod nazivom „Bijela knjiga – put ka jedinstvenom europskom transportnom području – prema konkurentnom i efikasnom transportnom sistemu“. Ova publikacija detaljno opisuje postavljene ciljeve, načine na koji će se oni postići te načine ostvarenja uspjeha. Bijela knjiga kao jedan od glavnih ciljeva postavlja 60% smanjenje u emisiji štetnih tvari, a to planira postići na tri načina. Prvi način je razvojem učinkovitijih pogonskih sistema i razvojem novih goriva. Drugi način je da optimizira međunarodne logističke sustave, a treći način je povećati efikasnost prometa i infrastrukture koju informacijski sustavi koriste kroz razne poticaje i subvencije. Europska komisija vrši detaljan monitoring svih pokazatelja za svaku pojedinu članicu Europske unije te kreira modele koji projiciraju kretanje transporta u budućnosti.The mobility of capital, goods, services and people is one of the cornerstones of the European Union. This graduate paper focuses on transportation as a medium of achieving the mobility of some of the above-mentioned factors. Alongside with the economic development of the European Union, the quality of life and well-being, as well as the volume of passenger transport and cargo transport is consequently growing. The growth of passenger transport with the same technology means increased energy consumption, which for the sustainable development of the European Union is certainly not an option. For this reason, the European Union has set goals in order to reduce energy consumption and increase energy efficiency. Energy efficiency goals are presented in the publication titled “WHITE PAPER –Roadmap to a Single European Area – Towards a competitive and resource efficient transport system”. This publication describes set goals in detail, way which goals will be achieved, and overall achieving success. The White Paper as one of the main goals sets 60% of the reduction in emissions of harmful substances, and it plans to achieve it in three ways. First way is the development of more efficient drive systems and the development of new fuels. Second way is to optimize international logistic systems and the third way is to increase the efficiency of traffic and infrastructure that information systems use. Various inventive and subsidies will be used in three mentioned means. The European Commission carries out detailed monitoring of all indicators for each individual member of the European Union and creates models that project the flow of transport in the future