Application of natural deep eutectic solvents in extraction of polyphenolic compounds from grape pomace

Komina grožđa kao nusproizvod u proizvodnji vina bogat je izvor polifenolnih spojeva. Polifenolni spojevi imaju pozitivan utjecaj na ljudski organizam prvenstveno zbog antioksidativnog djelovanja te postoji interes za njihovu izolaciju u svrhu dobivanja visokovrijednog proizvoda. Posljednjih godina interes znanstvenika je usmjeren na primjenu prirodnih eutektičkih otapala u ekstrakciji polifenolnih spojeva. Za razliku od konvencionalnih otapala, prirodna eutektička otapala su netoksična, nezapaljiva i pokazuju održivost u ekonomskom i ekološkom pogledu. U ovom radu pripremljeno je 6 prirodnih eutektičkih otapala s ciljem pronalaska najučinkovitijeg otapala za ekstrakciju ukupnih antocijana i ukupnih polifenola iz komine grožđa. U zaključku, utvrđeno je da je kolin klorid:limunska kiselina najselektivnije otapalo za ukupne polifenole i ukupne antocijane iz komine grožđa dok je najmanji ekstrakcijski učinak pokazalo otapalo jabučna kiselina:glicerol za ukupne antocijane a jabučna¸kiselina:glukoza:glicerol za ukupne polifenole.Grape pomace is by- product in winemaking and it is rich source of polyphenolic compounds. Polyphenolic compounds have positive impact on human health primarily due to their antioxidant activity and there is an interest in their isolation in order to obtain high-quality product. In recent years, interest of scientists has been focused on application of natural deep eutentic solvents in extraction of polyphenolic compounds. Unlike convention solvents, natural deep eutentic solvents are non-toxic, non-flammable and show enviromental and economic sustainability. In this paper, it was prepared six natural deep eutentic solvents with goal of discovering the most efficient solvent for extraction of total anthocyanins and total polyphenols from grape pomace. In conclusion, it was established that choline chloride:citrate acid was the most selective solvent for total polyphenols and total anthocyanins from grape pomace while the lowest extraction effect showed malic acid:glycerol for total anthocyanins and malic acid:glucose:glycerole for total polyphenols