Socio-demographic characteristics and family structure as risk factors for mental disorders of children and adolescents who were treated ambulatory and stationary at the Clinical Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry

Cilj istraživanja: Cilj je istraživanja bio utvrditi i analizirati sociodemografske karakteristike i strukturu obitelji te njihov utjecaj na mentalne poremećaje djece i adolescenata liječenih na Odjelu za dječju i adolescentnu psihijatriju s dnevnom bolnicom od 2012. do 2014. godine. Nacrt studije: Istraživanje je provedeno kao retrospektivna studija od 2012. do 2014. godine kod djece i adolescenata koji su liječeni ambulantno i stacionarno na Odjelu za dječju i adolescentnu psihijatriju s dnevnom bolnicom. Ispitanici i metode: Ispitanici su bili djeca i adolescenti od 3 do 22 godine koji su se liječili na Odjelu za dječju i adolescentnu psihijatriju s dnevnom bolnicom. Ispitivanje je provedeno na Odjelu za dječju i adolescentnu psihijatriju s dnevnom bolnicom. Podaci su prikupljeni iz elektroničke baze Odjela za dječju i adolescentnu psihijatriju s dnevnom bolnicom od 2012. do 2014. godine. Prilikom prvog pregleda djeteta/adolescenta ispunjen je upitnik koji se sastojao od podataka: dob roditelja, zanimanje roditelja, zaposlenost roditelja, cjelovitost obitelji, zajednički ili odvojeni život roditelja, rastavljenost roditelja i razlozi rastavljenosti, obiteljska anamneza te dob djeteta. Rezultati: Prosječna dob ispitanika bila je 15 godina, što se u psihologiji adolescencije smatra fazom srednje adolescencije, odnosno iznimno kriznim i turbulentnim razdobljem na prijelazu iz djetinjstva u odraslu dob. Očevi adolescenata imali su prosječno 46 godina, a majke 42 godine, što se prema razvojnim psiholozima smatra srazom dviju generacija. Strukturu obitelji kao rizičnog čimbenika ispitali smo česticom „cjelovitost obitelji“. Prema tome pokazalo se da 69% ispitanika živi u potpunoj obitelji, dok 31% ispitanika živi u jednoroditeljskoj obitelji. Prema zaposlenosti utvrđeno je da je 67,9% roditelja zaposleno, a 32,1% nezaposleno. Zaključak: Kada su u pitanju sociodemografske karakteristike i karakteristike strukture obitelji, statistički se značajnim pokazao podatak o postojanju obiteljskih anamnestičkih doprinosa mentalnim poremećajima kod djece, dok se razlike u dobi i zaposlenosti roditelja, odnosno cjelovitosti obitelji nisu pokazale značajnima, što je u skladu s podacima iz literature.Aim: The aim of this research was to identify and analyze socio-demographic characteristics and family structure as well as their effect on mental disorders in children and adolescents treated at the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry with the day care from 2012 to 2014. Study outline: The research was conducted as a retrospective study from 2012 to 2014 in children and adolescents treated at the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry with the day care, both outpatients and inpatients. Participants and methods: Participants were children and adolescents between 3 and 22 years of age treated at the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry with the day care. The data was acquired from the electronic database of Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry with the day care from 2012 to 2014. A questionnaire was filled out during the first examination of each child/adolescent, asking for the following data: parental age, parental occupation, employment of each parent, family structure, whether parents are separated of living together with the child/adolescent, whether parents are divorced and if so, which are the reasons for the divorce, family medical history, and age of the child. Results: Average age of respondents was 15, which is considered secondary phase of adolescence by the adolescent psychology, i.e. extremely critical and turbulent age in the transition from childhood to adulthood. Fathers of adolescents were on average 46 years old and mothers were 42, which is considered the clash of two generations by developmental psychologists. The family structure was examined in the particle “family structure”. According to that particle, 69% of respondents live in complete families, while 31% of respondents live in single-parent families. The questionnaire indicated 67.9% of employed and 32.1% of unemployed parents. Conclusion: In terms of socio-demographic characteristics and family structure characteristics, the research indicated statistically relevant data on the effect of family medical history on mental disorders in children, while the age difference and the employment of parents as well as the structure of the family did not indicate statistically significant effect, which is consistent with the existing data in previous research