Analysis of Fuel Injection System of Diesel Engine

U ovom radu prikazan je princip rada dizelskog motora te podjele dizel motora na dvotaktne i četverotaktne, kao i konstrukcija dizel motora. Kao glavni problem analizira se način ubrizgavanje goriva kod dizelskog motora. Postoje dizel motori sa direktnim ubrizgavanjem i motori sa indirektnim ubrizgavanjem. Analizirane su različite vrste sustava ubrizgavanja, način njihovog rada te svi bitni elementi potrebni za rad istoga. Postoje mehanička regulacija sustava ubrizgavanja goriva koja je već zastarjela tehnologija, te elektroničke regulacije sustava kao nove tehnologije koje postižu mnogo bolje karakteristike i performanse u odnosu na mehaničku regulaciju. U elektroničke regulacije spadaju razdjelna visokotlačna pumpa sa potisnim aksijalnim klipom i elektornička regulacija dizel motora, razdjelna visokotlačna pumpa sa radijalnim klipovima, pumpa- brizgaljka sustav ubrizgavanja i na kraju Common Rail sustav ubrizgavanja kao sustav koji postiže najbolje rezultate i koji se u današnje vrijeme najviše primjenjuje. Također navedene su sve prednosti i nedostaci svakog pojedinog sustava u odnosu na eksploataciju vozila.This paper shows the working principle of the diesel engine, also diesel engine division on two-stroke and four-stroke, as well as a construction of diesel engine. Paper analyzes the fuel injection in a diesel engine. There are diesel engines with direct injection, as well as diesel engines with indirect injection. There are different types of injection systems, methods of operation and all the essential elements required for the operation of the same.There are mechanical regulation of the fuel injection system that is already outdated technology, and electronic control systems as new technologies that achieve much better features and performance than the mechanical control. The electronic control includes dividing high- pressure pump with pressure axial piston and electronic diesel control, dividing high- pressure pump with radial pistons, circuit pump- injection system and at the Common Rail injection system as a system that achieves the best results and which is nowadays the most applied. The paper lists advantages and disadvantages of each single system in a relation to the exploitation of vehicles