NURSING CARE OF PATIENTS WITH PNEUMOTHORAX

Pneumotoraks je zračni džep između dva sloja pleure, a može nastati iz razloga koji je nemoguće otkriti. Normalno je tlak u pleuralnom prostoru niži nego u unutrašnjosti pluća. Kada u pleuralni prostor uđe zrak, tlak u pleuri postaje veći nego u plućima pa pluća djelomično ili potpuno splasnu (kolabiraju). Katkada splasne veći dio ili sva pluća što dovede do neposredne i teške zaduhe. U radu je opisana anatomija i fiziologija pluća, te patofiziologija nastanka pneumotoraksa. Obuhvaćene su i vrste pneumotoraksa, te proces od dijagnoze pa do liječenja. Prikazana je zdravstvena njega bolesnika od prijema u bolnicu, preoperativna skrb, zdravstvena njega u toku operacije, te poslijeoperativna skrb i najčešće postoperativne poteškoće. Kroz rad su razrađene sestrinske intervencije kojima se pridonosi što bržem oporavku bolesnika. Medicinska sestra je član multidisciplinarnog tima koji se skrbi za bolesnika. Posebno je važna njena uloga kao edukatora te da bude podrška kako bolesniku tako i njegovoj obitelji.Pneumothorax is air pocket between the two layers of the pleura and may occur for reasons that are impossible to detect. Normally the pressure in the pleural space is lower than the pressure inside the lungs. When air enters the pleural space, the pressure in the pleura becomes higher than in the lung and the lung partially or completely collapse. Sometimes most or all of the lung collapses which leads to immediate and severe dyspnea. This paper describes the anatomy and physiology of the lungs, and pathophysiology of the occurrence of pneumothorax. Included are the types of pneumothorax, process of diagnosis and the treatment of pneumothorax. Also displayed in this paper are health care of patients from hospital admission, preoperative care, health care during surgery and postoperative care, and the most common post-operative problems. Through the paper are showed nursing interventions that contribute to a faster recovery of the patient. Nurse is a member of the multidisciplinary team who care for patients. Particularly important is its role as an educator and support to the patient and his family