Oral health in preschool children

Oralno zdravlje važna je sastavnica ukupnog zdravlja i važan čimbenik ukupne kvalitete života. Oralno zdravlje je stanje organizma bez kronične boli usta i lica, karcinoma usta ili grla, čireva u ustima, urođenih defekata poput, rascjepa usana i nepca, bolesti desni, bolesti zuba i ostalih bolesti i poremećaja koji utječu na usnu šupljinu. Na oralno zdravlje djece utječe velik broj čimbenika među kojima su opće zdravstveno stanje, dob djeteta, način ishrane, oralna higijena, početak preventivnih mjera, socioekonomski status obitelji i drugi čimbenici. Karijes zuba je infektivna bolest koja se može prevenirati, a idealno je s preventivnim mjerama započeti što ranije. Danas je opće prihvaćen stav da je važno u prevenciju uključiti buduću majku još za vrijeme trudnoće, te dijete u prvoj godini života. Navika održavanja oralne higijene stječe se u djetinjstvu i stoga je važno da roditelji dovoljnu pažnju posvete motivaciji djeteta i podučavanju mjera oralne higijene. Prevencija i liječenje karijesa imaju za cilj sprječavanje razvoja bolesti koja dovodi do infekcije pulpe zuba i ostalih tkiva te smanjuje funkciju zuba, a izaziva bol i patnju za dijete. Stoga je od iznimne važnosti razviti načelo samoodgovornosti i odgovornosti roditelja/staratelja za očuvanje oralnog zdravlja djece. Strateški plan promicanja i zaštite oralnog zdravlja integralni je dio Nacionalne strategije razvoja zdravstva za razdoblje od 2012. do 2020.godine. Cilj ovog istraživačkog rada bio je ispitati oralno zdravlje djece predškolske dobi.Oral health is an important component of overall health and important factor of life quality. Oral helath is the state of organism without chronical mouth and throat pain, cancer of the mouth and throat, ulcers in the mouth, birth defects such as cleft lip and palate, gum disease, tooth disease, and others diseases and other disorders that affect the mouth. There are many factors that affect on oral health of children, like general health, the child's age, diet, oral hygiene, time of start with preventive measures, socioeconomic status of family and other factors. Tooth cavity is infective disease that can be prevented, and it is ideal to start with preventive measures as soon as possible. Today, generally accepted attitude is to involve future mother while she is pregnant and child in the first year of life. Habits of oral hygene is gains in childhood and it's very important that parents devote sufficient attention to motivation and teaching childrens for oral hygene. Prevention and cavity treatment aims to prevent development of diseases that can lead to infection of the tooth pulp and other tissues, and causes pain and suffering for the child. Therefore it is very important to develop parental principle of self-responsibility and liability for children oral health preservation. A strategic plan to promote and protect oral health is integral part of National health developmnet strategy for the period from 2012.-2020.y. Objective of this research work was to examine oral health in preschool children