Comparison of osteogenic potential of human mesenchymal stem cells isolated from muscle and tendon tissue

Humane mezenhimske matične stanice (hMSC) somatske su multipotentne matične stanice koje imaju sposobnost samoobnavljanja i diferencijacije u različita tkiva mezenhimskog podrijetla, uključujući i koštano tkivo. To ih čini pogodnim za primjenu u regenerativnoj ortopediji. U ovom radu uspješno su izolirane hMSC iz mišićnog i tetivnog tkiva što je potvrđeno ekspresijom markera matičnosti, Oct4, Sox2 i Nanog. Izolirane hMSC potaknute su na osteogenu diferencijaciju nakon tretmana osteoinduktivnim molekulama. hMSC izolirane iz mišićnog i tetivnog tkiva posjeduju osteogeni potencijal. Diferencirane stanice nastale iz mišićnog tkiva imale su veću aktivnost alkalne fosfataze i veći stupanj mineralizacije koštanog matriksa. Analiza proteina pokazala je da je u diferenciranim stanicama nastalim iz mišićnog tkiva došlo do veće ekspresije kolagena tipa I, dok je u stanicama diferenciranim iz hMSC tetivnog tkiva zamijećena veća ekspresija osteokalcina. Ovi rezultati pokazuju da bi hMSC izolirane iz mišićnog tkiva u odnosu na hMSC iz tetivnog tkiva mogle biti bolji izvor stanica za regeneraciju koštanog tkiva.Human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSC) are adult multipotent stem cells that have ability to self-renew and differentiate into several tissues of mesenchymal origin, including bone. It makes them suitable for application in regenerative orthopedics. In this research hMSC were successfully isolated from muscle and tendon tissue which was confirmed by the expression of markers of stemness, Oct4, Sox2 and Nanog. Isolated hMSC were stimulated to osteogenic differentiation after the treatmant with osteoinductive molecules. Both muscle-derived stem cells (MDSC) and tendon-derived stem cells (TDSC) possess osteogenic potential. Differentiated MDSC had higher levels of alkaline phosphatase activity and increased mineralization of bone matrix. Analysis of proteins showed that MDSC expressed higher protein levels of collagen type I, while TDSC expressed higher protein levels of osteocalcin. These results indicate that MDSC might be a better cell source than TDSC for skeletal tissue regeneration