Inteligentna transportna sredstva u funkciji racionalizacije cestovnog prometa

nteligentna transportna sredstva imaju značenje novoga kritičnog pojma koji mijenja pristup i trend razvoja prometne znanosti i tehnologije transporta. Paralelno teče i razvoj inteligentnih vozila, koja svojim novim svojstvima značajno unaprjeĎuju sigurnost, učinkovitost i udobnost voţnje. Temeljna zamisao ITS-a je uspješno rješavanje problema odvijanja prometa i obavljanja transporta ljudi, roba i informacija u korelaciji s razvojem prometne znanosti i tehnologije. ITS unutar pojedinih područja pruţa usluge informiranja, upravljanja prometom i operacijama te usluge kojima se poboljšava operativna sigurnost vozila. Razvoj ITS inţenjerstva se temelji na spoznajama, metodama i modelima prometnog inţenjerstva. Temeljna zadaća ITS-a kao znanstvene discipline je identificirati i analizirati sustav i tehnologiju transporta te razviti i primijeniti rješenja za učinkovit, siguran, ekonomičan, udoban i ekologijski prihvatljiv prijevoz ljudi i prijenos roba uporabom odgovarajućih tehničkih sredstava, prometnica i sustava cjelovitog upravljanja prometom. ITS predstavlja sintezu vlastitih i drugih spoznaja koje su se vremenom razvijale u tehničkim i drugim disciplinama. Transportna sredstva su strojevi, ureĎaji te ostala oprema u materijalnoj proizvodnji koja sluţe za premještanja tereta i ljudi. Dijelimo ih prema vrsti transporta te prema vrsti prometa. Europska unija i njene članice su veoma rano shvatile značenje i mogućnosti primjene inteligentnih transportnih sustava u rješavanju prometnih i transportnih problema. Tijekom 80-ih i 90-ih godina prošlog stoljeća dobro je utemeljeno područje cestovne telematike u Hrvatskoj zbog čega je grupa znanstvenika u okviru Fakulteta prometnih znanosti uspostavila Istraţivačko središte za ITS preteču Zavoda za ITS na istom fakultetu.Intelligent means of transport are the new critical concept that changes the approach and trend of development of transport science and transport technology. In parallel there is a development of intelligent vehicles, which bring new features and thus significantly improve safety, efficiency and driving comfort. The basic idea of IMT is to successfully solve the problem of traffic flow and carrying people, goods and information, which follows the development of traffic science and technology. IMT provides information, traffic management and operations services, and vehicle operational safety improvement services within certain areas. The development of IMT engineering is based on the knowledge, methods and models of traffic engineering. The fundamental task of IMT as a scientific discipline is to identify and analyze the transport system and technology, and to develop and implement solutions for efficient, safe, economical, comfortable and ecologically acceptable transport of people and the transport of goods using the appropriate technical means, roads and integrated traffic management systems. IMT represents the synthesis of one's own and other ideas that have evolved over time in technical and other disciplines. The means of transport are machines, apparatus and other equipment in the material production used for moving of cargo and people. They can be divided by type of transport and by type of traffic. The European Union and its members have realized very early the significance and possibilities of using intelligent transport systems in solving traffic and transportation problems. During the 80's and 90's years of the last century a well-established road telemetric area was established in Croatia, and a group of scientists within the Faculty of Traffic Sciences set up an Intelligent Transport Systems, which is a precedent of the ITS Institute at the same faculty