Reception of GPS signals

Navigacijski sustavi kroz povijest su se neprestano usavršavali. Satelitski sustavi, nastali sredinom prošlog stoljeća, preko sustava koji koriste Dopplerov efekt razvili su se prema sustavima koji mjere pseudoudaljenosti. Najjači predstavnik danas je GPS, središnja tema ovog rada s naglaskom na opisu GPS sustava i uređaja koji primaju satelitske signale i obrađuju ih. Rad je koncipiran u nekoliko cjelina. U uvodu ukratko je opisana povijest satelitske navigacije i njezine značajke. Nakon uvoda objašnjena je teorija satelitske navigacije i općenito gibanja tijela u orbitama. Potom je opisan rad GPS sustava po segmentima i način prijma GPS signala. Također su spomenuti DGPS sustavi te su obrađeni antenski sustavi i vrste GPS prijamnika, arhitektura prijamnika i općenito njihov način rada. Neizostavan je bio i osvrt na ruski GLONASS sustav i hibridne GPS + GLONASS sustave. Na kraju rada opisan je prijenosni Garminov GPS prijamnik u vidu kratkog osvrta i testa prijamnika.Navigational systems throughout history have been constantly refined. Satellite systems, created in the middle of the last century, through systems that use Doppler's effect developed according to systems that measure the pseudorange. The strongest representative today is GPS, the central theme of this paper with an emphasis on describing GPS systems and devices that receive and process satellite signals. Work has been conceived in several units. The introduction briefly describes the history of satellite navigation and its features. After the introduction, the theory of satellite navigation and general movement of the body in the orbits is explained. Next, the GPS system's operation by segments and the GPS reception method are described. Also mentioned are DGPS systems and antenna systems also types of GPS receivers, receiver architecture and generally their mode of operation. It was also inevitable to look at the Russian GLONASS system and the hybrid GPS + GLONASS systems. At the end of the work, a portable Garmin GPS receiver is described as a short review and receiver test