COMPARISON OF CONVENTIONAL AND DIGITALIZED PROCEDURES IN IMPLANT PROSTHETICS

Implantologija je grana dentalne medicine koja objedinjuje znanja iz područja oralne kirurgije, parodontologije i stomatološke protetike. Pruža rješenja za sve oblike bezubosti (nedostatak jednog ili više zuba, potpuna bezubost, nezadovoljstvo pacijenta klasičnom zubnom protezom). Radovi na implantatima zahtijevaju posebnu preciznost koja omogućava pasivno prilijeganje protetske konstrukcije na implantat bez imalo napetosti. Svaka nepreciznost i posljedična napetost imat će utjecaj na postignutu oseointegraciju što može rezultirati gubitkom implantata, popuštanjem ili lomom vijka, odnosno nekog od elemenata suprastrukture na implantatu te upravo iz tog razloga nisu prihvatljive uobičajene tehnike otiskivanja. Otiskivanje u implanto-protetici moguće je provesti konvencionalnim i digitalnim otisnim postupcima. Kod konvencionalnih metoda najčešće se primjenjuje otisak zatvorenom ili otvorenom žlicom. I jedan i drugi postupak ima svoje prednosti i nedostatke te se ovisno o situaciji i mogućnostima odlučujemo za prihvatljiviju metodu. Digitalno otiskivanje provodi se intraoralnim dentalnim skenerima. Njihove su prednosti brzina, učinkovitost, sposobnost pohranjivanja snimljenih podataka na neodređeno vrijeme te prijenos digitalne slike između ordinacije i laboratorija. Samo otiskivanje ugodnije je za pacijenta te se smanjuje mogućnost nastanka pogrešaka zbog znatne eliminacije ljudskog faktora. Izvođenje konvencionalnih otisaka više problema stvara studentima i neiskusnim kliničarima, dok se iskusni doktori dentalne medicine podjednako opredjeljuju za obje tehnike otiskivanja.Implantology is a branch of dental medicine which comprises the knowledge from the fields of oral surgery, periodontology and dental prosthetics. It provides solutions for all forms of toothlessness (lack of one or more teeth, total toothlessness, patient's dissatisfaction with classic dental prosthesis). The works on implants require special precision which enables the passive fitting together of the prosthetic construction and the implant, without causing even the smallest tension. Every imprecision and subsequent tension will interfere with the attained osseointegration, which may result in loss of the implant, loosening or breakage of the screw, i.e. one of the elements of suprastructure on the implant, so that the usual techniques of impression are not acceptable. The impression in implant prosthetics may be performed by conventional and digital impression procedures. The most frequently used among the conventional methods are the closed tray and the open tray impression. Both of the procedures have their advantages and their drawbacks, so that we choose the more acceptable method depending on the individual situation and available options. The digital impression is performed by intraoral dental scanners. Their advantages are speed, efficiency, ability to store the recorded data for an unlimited period of time as well as to transfer the digital image between the dentist's office and the dental laboratory. The impression itself is more pleasant for the patient, and the possibility of making mistakes is reduced due to the significant elimination of the human factor. The performing of the conventional impression is more likely to cause problems for students and inexperienced clinicians, whereas the experienced doctors of dental medicine equally choose either of the impression techniques