Human papillomavirus (HPV) genotyping in cervical byopsies with abnormal histology

Infekcija humanim papiloma virusom (HPV) glavni je uzrok raka vrata maternice. U literaturi je opisano 15 visokorizičnih tipova HPV-a koji su povezani s napredovanjem premalignih promjena vrata maternice, cervikalnih intraepitelnih neoplazija (CIN) u rak vrata maternice. Cilj ovog istraživanja bio je, metodom lančane reakcije polimerazom, istražiti biopsije vrata maternice s histološkom dijagnozom CIN 1, CIN 2 i CIN 3 te raka vrata maternice, na prisutnost DNA HPV-a, genotipizirati najčešće tipove virusa te im odrediti učestalost u određenim entitetima vrata maternice. Analizirano je ukupno 58 uzoraka, od čega, redom, 8, 27, 10 i 13 uzoraka s dijagnozama CIN 1, CIN 2, CIN 3 i karcinom. Dobiveni rezultati pokazuju da je HPV najčešće prisutan u slučaju patohistološke dijagnoze cervikalnog karcinoma (92,3%), zatim u uzorcima s dijagnozom CIN 3 (70,0%), CIN 2 (66,7%) te najrjeđe u uzorcima s dijagnozom CIN 1 (62,6%). Od uspješno genotipiziranih tipova virusa, najčešći visokorizični je HPV 16 (27,6%), zatim HPV 18 (6,9%), dok je HPV-tip u 32,8% slučajeva bio neodređen. HPV niskog rizika 6/11 pojavljuju se u samo 1,7% slučajeva i to isključivo u uzorcima CIN 2.Infection with human papillomavirus (HPV) is the main cause of cervical cancer. The literature describes 15 high-risk types of HPV that are associated with progression of premalignant cervical changes, cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN), into cervical cancer. The aim of this study was to examine biopsies of the cervix with a histological diagnosis CIN 1, CIN 2, CIN 3 and cervical cancer, for the presence of HPV DNA using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR), as well as genotype the most common HPV types and determine their frequency in different cervical entities. We analyzed a total of 58 samples, of which 8, 27, 10 and 13 samples had the diagnosis CIN 1, CIN 2, CIN 3 and cancer, respectively. The results of this study indicate that HPV is most commonly present in cervical cancer (92.3%), then in samples with the diagnosis CIN 3 (70.0%), CIN 2 (66.7%) and least in samples with the diagnosis CIN 1 (62.6%). The most commonly typed high-risk HPV was type 16 (27.6%), followed by type 18 (6.9%), whereas the undetermined HPV type was found in 32.8% of cases. Low-risk HPV 6/11 appears in only 1.7% of cases and exclusively in CIN 2 samples