Diet habits of people with diabetes type 1 and type 2

Ciljevi istraživanja: Ispitati postoje li razlike u prehrambenim navikama osoba oboljelih od dijabetesa tipa 1 i tipa 2. Ispitati povezanost prehrambenih navika osoba oboljelih od dijabetesa tipa 1 i tipa 2 i njihove kvalitete života. Nacrt studije: Istraživanje je provedeno kao presječno. Ispitanici i metode: Ispitanici su osobe oboljele od dijabetesa tipa 1 i tipa 2 starije od 18 godina koje su došle na kontrolu u travnju 2016. godine na Kliniku za unutarnje bolesti KBCa Osijek. Podaci su prikupljeni anonimnim samoocjenskim upitnikom u kojem su ispitanici zaokruživati odgovore zatvorenog tipa. Upitnik se sastojao od 15 pitanja. Rezultati: U istraživanju je vidljivo da niti jedan oboljeli od dijabetesa tipa 2 nije u dobnoj skupini ispod 38 godina, što potvrđuju i ostala istraživanja da se dijabetes tipa 1 javlja kod osoba mlađe životne dobi. Osnovni princip pravilne prehrane priprema je hrane i raspored u više obroka tijekom dana. Prema broju obroka 50% ispitanika navodi da jede tri glavna obroka bez međuobroka, 40% jede tri glavna obroka i dva međuobroka, a 10% ispitanika spaja obroke u jedan glavni obrok (ručak). Istraživanje je pokazalo da značajno više komplikacija imaju oboljeli od dijabetesa tipa 2 (p=0.001), nego oboljeli od tipa 1, što dovodi do zaključka da oboljeli od tipa 1 imaju bolju kvalitetu života. Zaključak: Liječenje pravilnom prehranom i redovitim uzimanjem obroka bitni su faktori dobre regulacije glikemije. Pravilna prehrana mora biti prilagođena pojedincu prema njegovim navikama, dnevnom rasporedu rada i materijalnim mogućnostima, jer liječenje dijabetesa proces je koji traje.Objectives: To examine differences in eating habits of people with diabetes type 1 and type 2. To examine the relationship between dietary habits of people with diabetes type 1 and type 2 and their quality of life. Study Design: Study was conducted as cross-sectional. Participants and Methods: The respondents were people with diabetes type 1 and type 2 over 18 years old who came to control in April 2016 to the Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Center Osijek. Data were collected by anonymous questionnaire, in which respondents answered rounding questions of closed type. The questionnaire consisted of 15 questions. Results: The study shows that none of the people with type 2 diabetes is in the age group below 38 years, which is confirmed by other studies that type 1 diabetes occurs in younger people. The basic principle of proper food preparation and distribution of the food is in several meals throughout the day. According to the number of servings 50% of respondents state that they eat three main meals without snacks, 40% of respondents eat three main meals and two snacks and 10% of respondents connect meals in one main meal (lunch). The study showed that significantly more patients have complications from diabetes type 2 (p = 0.001), than those with type 1, which leads to the conclusion that those with type 1 have a better quality of life. Conclusion: Treatment with a proper diet and regular intake of meals are important factors of good glycemic control. The proper diet should be adapted to the individual according to his habits, daily schedule of work and financial capacities because the treatment of diabetes is an ongoing process