CO2-resistant cement : master's thesis

Skladištenje ugljikovog dioksida u geološke formacije relativno je nova metoda kojom se smanjuje njegova emisija u atmosferu. Nakon utiskivanja, zbog svoje agresivne prirode, CO2 može predstavljati veliki problem za cementni kamen u bušotini. Običan Portland cement u CO2 sredini tijekom vremena može degradirati i pritom izgubiti svoju osnovnu zadaću – međuzonalna izolacija. Gubitkom mehaničkog integriteta bušotine, može doći do opasnog propuštanja CO2 iz podzemnog skladišta. Kako bi se to spriječilo, razvijeni su CO2 otporni cementi koji smanjuju ili u potpunosti sprječavaju reakciju ugljikovog dioksida i cementnog kamena. U radu je opisan postupak uskladištenja CO2 u geološku formaciju, mogući putevi propuštanja, sastav i postupak karbonatizacije Portland cementa, a na samom kraju CO2 otporni cementi i njihova svojstva.Abstract: Carbon dioxide storage in geological formations is relatively new method of reducing its emission into atmosphere. After injection because of agressive nature, CO2 can present a big problem for a sheath cement. Neat Portland cement in CO2 environment can degrade and therefore loose its primary role – zonal isolation. Loss of mechanical integrity, can lead to dangerous CO2 leakage from underground storage sites. To prevent that, CO2 resistant cements which reduce or inhibit reactions of carbon dioxide with sheath cement have been developed. This paper describes the process of storing CO2 in geological formation, potential leakage pathways, composition and carbonation of Portland cement, CO2-resistant cement and their properties