The role of CCS in the European electricity supply system

This paper investigates the role of CO2 capture and storage (CCS) technologies as part of a portfolio for reducing CO2 emissionsfrom the European electricity supply system until the year 2050. The analysis is carried out with a techno-economic model(minimizing the system cost) including a detailed description of the present stationary European electricity generation system(power plants) and potential CO2 storage sites as obtained from the Chalmers Energy Infrastructure Database. Since the ability ofdifferent EU Member States and regions to facilitate and to benefit from CCS will most likely depend on local conditions interms of current energy mix, fuel supply chains and distance to suitable storage locations, special emphasize is put on analyzingturn-over in capital stock of the existing power plant infrastructure, timing of investments and the infrastructural implications oflarge scale introduction of CCS on a regional perspective. The paper discusses the role of and requirements on CCS for meetingstrict emission targets of 85% reduction while having a continued growth in electricity demand (according to EU projections).The results show that it is possible to meet an 85% CO2 reduction target by 2050, but this will require large contribution fromCCS. As expected, regions which are currently high in carbon intensity and which are located nearby suitable storage sites willbenefit mostly from CCS as an option. With the assumption that CCS will be commercially available in 2020 the model resultsgive a steep ramp-up in the use of CCS post 2020 which imposes challenges for timely investments in corresponding CCSinfrastructure