Modeling and control strategy development of a parallel hybrid electric bus

This paper presents the system modeling, control strategy design, and experiment validation of a parallel hybridelectric bus with an automatic manual transmission (AMT) and a dry clutch. The mathematical model representation and thesystem architecture of the powertrain are first described. Next, a complete control scheme including energy managementstrategy and coordinated control of the AMT and the clutch is presented. The controller and powertrain models are thenintegrated in a way that the power management and the hybrid driveline perform in real world. The analysis and validationthrough model simulation and comparison with experiment data are conducted. A good agreement between the model andexperiment demonstrates the efficacy and credibility of the integrated model. The integrated model is employed in bothsimulation and bench-test assessments for the development of a hybrid control unit. The results indicate that the model-baseddesign methodology is beneficial to systematically analyzing and understanding the dynamics of hybrid electric powertrain