Fracture Deformation Measurements during Grouting in Hard Rock

When a fracture system in crystalline rock is grouted the rock mass may deform. Such deformations may reduce the grouting efficiency since new flow paths are opened. The work presented here show that deformations occur at hydraulic tests and grouting and that deformation can be measured and evaluated as stiffness from in situ tests. Deformation measurements, hydraulic testing, and grouting was conducted in spring 2010 in the Hallands\ue5s tunnel and hydraulic testing in a service tunnel in Gothenburg (Runsl\ue4tt and Th\uf6rn, 2010). For measuring physical deformation recently developed equipment from Chalmers University of Technology was used. Deformations were measured seven times in the same borehole. Three measurements were during grouting, and the remaining four from water pressure tests. Most deformations occurred at pump pressures of 1-1.4 MPa, which is lower than the calculated normal rock stress. Stiffness has been evaluated in several ways, including a new method, (Fransson, et al., 2010). Generally the evaluated stiffness is lower in the Hallands\ue5s tunnel than in the Gothenburg tunnel. The results show agreement with other in situ experiments