Energy efficient evaporation in future pulp and paper mills

In this paper ways to design energy efficientevaporation plants in future pulp and paper mills arediscussed. There is more than 1 GJ/ADMT excessheat in the model mills studied that can be madeavailable for use in other parts of the mill. If thisheat is used for evaporation and/or if the evaporationplant is designed to use MP steam and deliver LPsteam to the steam network, large amounts of steamcan be saved. It is shown that these savings lead toreductions in CO2 emissions; the largest reductionare achieved if assuming that oil can be saved or ifbiomass fuel is exported from the mill and used toreplace oil elsewhere. It is also shown that theeconomic incentive for redesigning the evaporationplant depends on how the saved live steam is usedand the economic conditions assumed. The largestsavings are obtained if the live steam savings lead todecreased oil consumption. If producing condensingpower or excess bark that can be sold, the savingsare smaller, but in most cases still considerable in size