The work presented in the thesis deals with problems concerning the execution control of autonomous mobile robots. The first part of the work presents the global control architecture and compares it to other approaches. We describe the hierarchical levels which it is composed of and each of their roles in the system's functioning. The lower level, composed of several modules, combines the perception, modelisation and action functions of the system. The second part presents the executive level. The executive must follow the execution of the functions, resolve the conflicts between modules, carry out certain reflex actions and maintain information concerning the use of the robot resources that cannot be shared. It can be seen as a group of au...