The Sound in Electromotive Facilities

Zvuk kod elektromotornih pogona možemo promatrati na dva načina, kao zvuk proizveden samim pogonom i vanjske umjetno dodane izvore zvuka. Elektromotorni pogoni u normalnom radu proizvode određenu razinu zvuka zbog svoje robusnosti i mehanike. Kod velikih pogona razina zvuka je veća i nerjetko prelazi granice dozvoljene buke propisane normama. Zbog toga su uloženi veliki napori i istraživanja u području smanjenja buke i vibracija. Osim smanjenja vibracija kao izvora buke, često se koristi analiza vibracija kao metoda dijagnostike i nadzora elektromotornih pogona. Vibroakustička slika sadrži puno informacija o stanju stroja u radu i moguće je brzo i kvalitetno detektirati kvar stroja ili pogona. Razina dozvoljene buke propisana je normama i ako buka prelazi tu granicu u postrojenjima gdje trajno borave ljudi nužna je upotreba zaštitne slušne opreme. Osim zvuka proizvedenog mehanikom pogona postoje vanjski dodani zvučni izvori. Uloga takvih izvora zvuka je većinom signalizacijska, alarmna, informacijska ili upravljačka. Primjere nalazimo u industriji kod alarmnih sustava i senzorike, u prometu kod prometne signalizacije, u kućanstvu kod elktričnih aparata i slično. Da bi takvi izvori zvuka imali potpunu svrhu važan segment je njihovo upravljanje, najčešće automatsko upravljanje izvorima zvuka.The sound of electric drive can be observed in two ways, as the sound produced by electric drive and external artificially added sound sources. Electrical drives in normal operation state a certain level of sound due to its robustness and mechanics. In large drive, sound level is higher and often exceeds allowable noise limits prescribed by norms. Therefore, great effort and research have been made in the field of noise and vibration abatement. Besides reducing vibration as a noise source, the vibration analysis is often used as a method of diagnosis and supervision of electrical drives. Vibroacoustic image contains a lot of information about the state of the machine in the operation mode and it is possible to quickly and efficiently detect failure of machinery or drive. The level of permitted noise is prescribes by the normes and if the noise exceeds the limit in installations where people are permanently stationed it is necessary to use protective hearing equipment. Besides the sound produced by the drive mechanics, there are externally added audio sources. The function of these sound sources is mostly signaling, alarm, information or control. Examples can be found in the industry in alarm systems and sensors, in traffic in traffic signaling, in the household in electrical devices and similar. To ensure the full purpose of these sound sources, the importance must be put on their control, usually automatic control of audio sources