Taurodontizam i ostale dentalne anomalije

Sam naziv taurodontizam, potječe od Sir Arthura Keitha iz davne 1913., a dolazi od riječi tauros (govedo) i odontos (zub). Taurodontizam je morfološka anomalija zuba koju rijetko susrećemo kod modernog čovjeka. Izostanak konstrikcije na caklinsko-cementom spojištu, povećano tijelo i pulpna komorica te skraćeni korijeni, glavne su karakteristike taurodontizma. Smatra se da nastaje zbog izostanka pravodobne invaginacije Hertwigove epitelne ovojnice. Prema stupnju izraženosti anomalije Shaw razlikuje: hipotaurodontne, mezotaurodontne i hipertaurodontne zube. Može se javiti i u trajnoj i u mliječnoj denticiji, ali su najčešće zahvaćeni trajni kutnjaci. Taurodontizam se može javiti kao izolirano svojstvo, može se javiti uklopljeno u sindrome ili kao posljedica poremećaja broja spolnog X kromosoma. Klinički taurodontni zubi izgledaju normalno, a tijekom stomatološkog liječenja otkrivaju se rendgenskim snimanjem. Liječenje taurodontnih zuba, zbog njhovih morfoloških karakteristika, može biti otežano.The term taurodontism itself was coined by Sir Arthur Keith in 1913 and is a compound of the Old Greek words tauros (ταῦρος), which means the bull, and odontos (ὀδόντος), a tooth. Taurodontism is a morphological tooth anomaly which rarely occurs in modern humans. The lack of constriction at the cementoenamel junction, an enlarged tooth body and pulp chamber and shorter roots are typical features of this condition. It is considered that the condition is caused by the failure of Hertwig's epithelial sheath diaphragm to invaginate (at the proper level). According to the degree of severity Shaw classified taurodontism as hypotaurodontism, mesotaurodontism and hypertaurodontism. Although the condition can occur both in primary and permanent dentition, it is most common in permanent molars. Taurodontism can occur as an isolated trait, incorporated in syndromes or the result of the abnormal number of an X-linked chromosome. Clinically taorodontic teeth look normal, therefore during the dental treatment they are diagnosed after a dental radiograph. Due to their morphological features the treatment of taurodontic teeth can be difficult