Human trafficking in 21st century

U ovom radu stavljamo naglasak na problem trgovine ljudima u 21. stoljeću koji se smatra jednim od najprofitabilnijih oblika organiziranog kriminala, a vjeruje se da je po učestalosti odmah iza trgovine drogom i oružjem (Matak i Vargek, 2012.). Radom ćemo prikazati glavne karakteristike pojave trgovine ljudima te važnost teme u okviru ljudskih prava. Također, osvrnuti ćemo se na osnovne razlike između trgovine ljudima i krijumčarenja ljudi, dati ćemo kratak pregled tko su počinitelji trgovine ljudima te u koje sve svrhe oni eksploatiraju svoje žrtve. Naime, osnovni oblici eksploatacije su radna, seksualna i trgovina organima gdje su žene i djevojčice najčešće žrtve seksualne eksploatacije. S obzirom na različite načine na koje počinitelji kontroliraju žrtve, one prolaze kroz izrazito traumatsko iskustvo koje ostavljaju na njih psihičke, fizičke i socijalne posljedice. Iz navedenog razloga potrebno je osigurati žrtvama kvalitetnu pomoć i podršku nakon identificiranja žrtve. Tu ćemo naglasiti ulogu socijalnog radnika koji pruža žrtvama određena prava i usluge, identificira žrtve, ima određena znanja, vještine i sposobnosti za rad sa žrtvama trgovine ljudima. Radom ćemo prikazati važnost zakonodavnog okvira i ulogu raznih organizacija u okviru prevencije trgovine ljudima te njihovu međusobnu suradnju. Trgovina ljudima je veoma kompleksan globalni problem čija se prevencija može ojačati kroz suradnju organizacija i njihovo usklađeno i koordinirano djelovanje te stoga prikazujemo ovaj problem kroz multidisciplinarni pristup.In this paper we emphasize the problem of human trafficking in 21st century which is considered to be one of the most profitable forms of organized crime, and it is believed to be occur immediately after drug and arms trafficking (Matak and Vargek, 2012). We will outline the main characteristics of trafficking in human beings and the importance of the subject within human rights. We will also look at the basic differences between trafficking in human beings and smuggling of human beings, to give a brief overview of who are the perpetrators of human trafficking and in which all the purposes they exploit their victims. Namely, basic forms of exploitation are labor, sexual and trading organs where women and girls are the most often victims of sexual exploitation. Considering different ways in which perpetrators control their victims, they pass through a highly traumatic experience that leaves psychic, physical and social consequences. For this reason it is necessary to provide victims quality assistance and support after identifying the victim. We will emphasize the role of social worker providing victims with certain rights and services, identifying victims, possessing certain knowledge, skills and abilities to work with victims of trafficking. We will present the importance of the legislative framework and the role of various organizations within the prevention of trafficking in human beings and their mutual cooperation. Human trafficking is a very complex global problem whose prevention can be strengthened through the cooperation of organizations and their harmonized and coordinated activity and therefore we present this problem through a multidisciplinary approach