Nitrate mouvements through the soil in controled conditions

Zbog kontinuiranog porasta potrebe za hranom, poljoprivredna proizvodnja zauzima sve veće površine što je dovelo do povećanja uporabe mineralnih gnojiva. Dušik (N) je makrohranivo čije su visoke koncentracije u sustavu biljka-tlo-voda štetne za ljude i okoliš. Prekomjerna primjena N uzrokuje ispiranje istog u obliku nitrata kroz solum tla u dublje slojeve i podzemne vode. U radu je proveden laboratorijski pokus sa kolonama vinogradarskog tla (Baštica, Zadar) prilikom čega je praćen pronos nitrata u uvjetima kišenja. Utvrđeno je kako intenzitet kišenja bitno utječe na intenzitet pronosa nitrata u dublje slojeve tla, odnosno procijedne (perkolat) vode, uslijed čega je potrebno provoditi održive mjere gospodarenja nitratima na poljoprivrednim površinama, a kako bi se izbjegle moguće negativne posljedice na podzemne vode i okoliš.Due to constant growth of food demand agricultural production has taken up large surfaces of the world's land area which has led to increased use of mineral fertilizers. Nitrogen (N) is a macronutrient whose high concentration in the plant-soil-water system is harmful for people and the environment. Excessive use of N causes leaching of the previously mentioned in nitrate form through the soil into the water in the state of soil saturation with water, in other words when percolated water passes into the deeper layers of the soil. In the paper, an experiment was conducted under controlled conditions. Soil columns were taken and 15 ml of ammonium nitrate was applied onto them. Every two to four weeks the column was leached by simulating precipitation, rainfall to be more precise. By conducting the experiment we come to the conclusion that precipitation intensity significantly affects the intensity of nitrate inundation into deeper soil layers and ground water