Somaclonal variation in ormamental plants

Somaklonska varijabilnost je spontana ili inducirana pojava koja se može javiti u kulturi biljnog tkiva u obliku genetskih ili epigenetskih promjena. Može imati negativan utjecaj ako je cilj dobivanja uniformnih genotipova ili može biti poželjna kod dobivanja novih genotipova ekonomski vrjednijih od donorskih i važan izvor genetske varijabilnosti. Za utvrđivanje somaklonske varijabilnosti koriste se morfološke, citološke i molekularne metode. Brojni somaklonovi ukrasnih biljnih vrsta, kao što su orhideje, afričke ljubičice, krizanteme, petunije, i dr., uspješno su komercijalizirani. U ovom radu dan je pregled dosadašnjih istraživanja vezanih za utvrđivanje somaklonske varijabilnosti kod ukrasnog bilja.Somaclonal variation is phenomenon that can occur in the plant tissue culture in the form of genetic or epigenetic variation. It can have a negative impact if the goal of the plant tissue culture is a production of genetic uniformn plants or it can be desirable in obtaining new genotypes of economically more valuable than donor plant and an important source of genetic variability. Morphological, cytological and molecular methods were used to determine somaclonal variability. Numerous somaclones of ornamental plant species, such as orchids, African violets, crisps, petunias, etc., have been successfully commercialized. This paper contains an overview of previous researches related to the determination of somaclonal variation in ornamental plants