Impact Analysis of a Vehicle and Road on the Road Safety

Osnovni čimbenici sigurnosti prometa su čovjek, vozilo i cesta. Vozilo, na sigurnost prometa, utječe svojim konstrukcijskim i eksploatacijskim karakteristikama, što pokazuju i podatci o uzrocima prometnih nezgoda. Svi čimbenici vozila koji utječu na sigurnost dijele se u dvije skupine na aktivne i pasivne čimbenike. Smanjenje broja prometnih nezgoda, uzrokovanih čimbenikom vozilom, može se postići donošenjem propisa o uvjetima koje mora u pogledu konstrukcije, uređaja i opreme ispuniti vozilo. Tehničko rješenje ceste je često uzrok nastanka prometne nezgode. Da bi cesta, kao čimbenik sigurnosti, bila što manje uzrok prometnih nezgoda treba posvetiti pažnju projektiranju novih prometnica i prometnih čvorišta, kao i rekonstrukciji postojećih prometnica. Potrebno je što bolje izvesti trasu ceste, kako zbog sigurnosti vožnje tako i zbog psihološkog djelovanja na čovjeka. Isto tako, bitno je pravovremeno i kvalitetno održavanje prometnice koje dovodi do smanjenja broja prometnih nezgoda. Oprema prometnica također ima značajan utjecaj na sigurnost vožnje.The main factors of road safety are the human being, the vechile and the road. Vechile, on the traffic certainty, affects by its constructional and exploitational characteristics, which data about the causes of traffic accidents also show. All vechile factors which affect on safety are divided into two groups on active and passive factors. The reduction in the number of traffic accidents, caused by the factor vechile, can be achieved by establishing regulation about circumstances which vechile has to fullfil in a way of construction, devices and equipment. The techincal solution of the road is often the cause of road accidents. In order that road, as the certainty factor, would be the less cause of traffic accidents, it should pay attention to the development of new highways and interchanges, as well as reconstruction of the existing roads. It is necessary to perform a track road, for driving safety and for psychological effect on humans. Also, it is important timely and quality maintenance of roads, resulting in a reduction in the number of road accidents. The equipment of roads has a significant impact on driving safety, too