CONTEMPORARY AESTHETIC RESTORATIVE PROCEDURES IN TREATMENT OF HARD DENTAL TISSUE LESIONS

Estetsko-restaurativnim postupcima moguće je zbrinuti velik broj lezija tvrdih zubnih tkiva što ukljuĉuje nekavitirane i kavitirane karijesne lezije, nekarijesne lezije tvrdih zubnih tkiva i neestetske promjene tvrdih zubnih tkiva što ukljuĉuje površinska obojenja tvrdog zubnog tkiva. U nekarijesne lezije tvrdih zubnih tkiva se ubrajaju abrazija, atricija, erozija i abfrakcija koje je vrlo vaţno razlikovati zbog daljnje terapije. Osnovna prirodna boja zuba moţe biti narušena promjenom kvalitete mineralizacije ili nakupinom odreĊene vrste pigmenata koja moţe biti na površini zuba ili unutar njega, stoga se razlikuju unutarnja i vanjska obojenja. Zbrinjavanje lezija tvrdih zubnih tkiva, ovisno o etiologiji, moţe se provesti izbjeljivanjem (''At home bleaching'', ''In office bleaching''), mikroabrazijom, izradom minimalno invazivnih preparacija (tunel preparacija, minibox ili slot preparacija), izradom kompozitne ljuske ili provoĊenjem neinvazivnih postupaka. U neinvazivne postupke se ukljuĉuje terapija karijesa ozonom, laserom ili remineralizacijom koja je imperativ u zbrinjavanju poĉetnih karijesnih lezija. Suvremeni estetsko-restaurativni postupci su omogućeni razvojem tehnologije i materijala, prije svega adhezijskog sustava i kompozita te postaju sve zastupljeniji jer omogućuju oĉuvanje tvrdih zubnih tkiva uz istovremenu estetiku i ne manje vaţnu funkcionalnost.A large number of hard dental tissue lesions, including non-cavitated and cavitated carious lesions, non-carious lesions and non-aesthetic changes of hard dental tissue, including surface discoloration, can be restored by aesthetic and restorative procedures. Non-carious lesions of dental hard tissues are abrasion, attrition, erosion and abfraction, which is very important to distinguish for further treatment. Basic natural tooth colour can be impaired by insufficient mineralization, or accumulation of certain types of mass of pigments which may be on the surface or inside of tooth. Therefore, we differentiate between internal and external staining. Treatment of dental hard tissue lesions depending on the etiology, can be carried out by bleaching (''At-home bleaching'', ''In-office bleaching''), microabrasion, making minimally invasive preparation (tunnel, mini box or slot preparation), producing composite veneers or conducting non-invasive procedures. Non-invasive procedures include treatment of dental caries by ozone, laser or remineralization, which is imperative in the treatment of initial carious lesions. The development of technology and materials, primarily adhesive systems and composites has made contemporary aesthetic restorative procedures possible. They are becoming more common because they enable the preservation of hard dental tissues, at the same time take care of aesthetics and, not less important, functionality