Nutrient adequacy among various subgroups of vegetarian diet

Cilj ovog istraživanja bio je utvrditi i usporediti kakvoću prehrane pojedinih podskupina vegetarijanstva (n=56), uključujući pesco-lakto-ovo vegetarijance, lakto-ovo vegetarijance, vegane i one na sirovoj pretežno biljnoj prehrani. Kao metode rada koristili su se 3-dnevni dnevnik prehrane uz vaganje, te upitnik o učestalosti konzumiranja hrane i pića. Rezultati dnevnika prehrane pokazuju da je unos makronutrijenata (% kcal) u skladu s preporukama za sve skupine osim za vegetarijance na sirovoj prehrani, koji imaju nedovoljan unos proteina i energije. Ako se kao granica uzme 75 % preporuke (DRI), kritični mikronutrijenti za sve skupine su željezo, cink, selen i vitamin B12, te dodatno kalcij za sve skupine osim za lakto-ovo vegetarijance, kalij za sve skupine osim za sirovu prehranu, i vitamin E za pesco-lakto-ovo i lakto-ovo vegetarijance. Sirova prehrana se ističe od ostalih skupina po smanjenom unosu natrija, te većem unosu vitamina C, A, E, B6 i kalija. Unos vitamina B12 naročito je kritičan kod vegana i ispitanika koji slijede sirovu prehranu, pa bi za zadovoljenje preporuka trebali koristiti dodatke prehrani.The objective was to define and compare the nutritive quality of vegetarian subgroups (n=56), including pesco-lacto-ovo vegetarians, lacto-ovo vegetarians, vegans, and raw food diet. A 3-day food diary and Food Frequency Questionaire were dietary assessment methods used. The results of food diary showed that the intake of macronutrients (% kcal) is according to reccomendations for all groups, except for the raw food diet, which have inssuficient protein and energy intake. With reccomendation cut-off 75 % DRI, critical micronutrients for all groups are iron, zinc, selenium, and vitamin B12, and additionally calcium for all groups except lacto-ovo vegetarians, potassium for all groups except raw food diet, and vitamin E for pesco-lacto-ovo and lacto-ovo vegetarians. Raw food diet is different from other groups by low sodium intake and higher intake of vitamin C, A, E, B6 and potassium. The intake of vitamin B12 is especially critical in vegan and raw food diet, so they should be advised for dietary supplement use