Analyses of biogenic amines and metals in wines Traminac, Rajnski rizling and Graševina of the Ilok vineyards

Određivanje biogenih amina u vinima je važno zbog njihove potencijalne toksičnosti za ljude kao i mogućnosti njihove upotrebe kao markera za određivanje kvalitete vina. Praćenjem koncentracije metalnih iona smanjuje se mogućnost destabilizacije vina i narušavanje njegovih senzorskih svojstava. Stoga su u ovom radu, pored osnovnih kemijskih analiza u laboratoriju, određene i koncentracije biogenih amina i metala i to u vinima Traminac, Rajnski rizling i Graševina (godina proizvodnje 2008., 2009., 2010., 2011.) Iločkog vinogorja, podregije Podunavlje. Biogeni amini određeni su metodom tekućinske kromatografije visoke djelotvornosti (HPLC) s fluorescentnom detekcijom uz uporabu OPA reagensa kao derivatizirajućeg sredstva. Za određivanje metala korištena je metoda atomske apsorpcijske spektrofotometrije (AAS). Metodom tekućinske kromatografije visoke djelotvornosti (HPLC) određene su količine jabučne kiseline, mliječne kiseline, octene kiseline, glicerola i etanola, a koncentracija etanola određena je i plinskom kromatografijom (GC). Laboratorijskim kemijskim analizama određena je količina slobodnog, vezanog i ukupnog sumpora, etanola, ukupnih i hlapivih kiselina te reducirajućih šećera. Sve korištene metode su pokazale zadovoljavajuće rezultate u količini sastojaka u vinu. Prema razlikama na osnovi provedenih statističkih analiza t-testa za vezane uzorke i t-testa za nevezane uzorke uz prethodni F-test, može se zaključiti da su variranja u količini biogenih amina između sorti vina u proizvodnim godinama 2008. - 2011. manja od variranja unutar sorti vina u svakoj proizvodnoj godini.Determination of biogenic amines in wines is of importance due to their potential toxicity for humans as well as the possibility of their use as markers in wine quality defining. By monitoring the concentration of metal ions the possibility of wine destabilization is decreased and so is the disturbance of their sensor properties. Therefore, alongside the basic chemical analyses done in a laboratory, this thesis also specifies the concentrations of biogenic amines and metals in wines Traminac, Rajnski Rizling and Graševina (years of production 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011) of the Ilok vineyards, subregion Podunavlje. Biogenic amines are determined by application of highperformance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method with fluorescent detection and with use of OPA reagent as derivatizing agent. The method of atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) was used for the identification of metals. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method was applied to determine quantities of malic, lactic and acetic acids, glycerol and ethanol, while the ethanol concentration was also determined using gas chromatography (GC). Chemical analysis in laboratory identifed quantities of free, bound and total sulfur, ethanol, total and volatile acids and reducing sugars. All applied methods demonstrated satisfactory results in the quantity of wine ingredients. On the basis of differences obtained by statistical analyses of t-tests for paired samples and t-tests for independent samples, along with the previous F-test, it can be inferred that the variations in the quantity of biogenic amines between the wine grape varieties in the production years 2008-2011 are lower than the variations within the wine-grape varieties in the same production years