Endemic plants of Croatia in horticulture

Endemi su svojte koje žive na geografski ograničenom području. Prema Nikoliću endemičnu floru Hrvatske čine 384 vrste i podvrste od čega je 110 stenoendema i 274 endema. Vrijednost im je ponajprije biološka, ali i estetska. Njihova zaštita veoma je bitna, a mogu biti zaštićeni na dva načina: zaštitom područja ili zaštitom vrste. Često se endemi nalaze na teže dostupnim mjestima koja su pod slabim antropogenim utjecajem. Međutim, takvih je područja danas sve manje stoga su potrebni jasno osmišljeni načini zaštite. Jedan od takvih je 'ex situ' zaštita putem licenciranog uzgoja i prodaje endemičnih vrsta čime je smanjeno narušavanje prirodnih populacija. Takvu dozvolu Ministarstva zaštite okoliša i prirode, odnosno Uprave za zaštitu prirode i Državnog zavoda za zaštitu prirode ima Botanički vrt Prirodoslovno-matematičkog fakulteta u Zagrebu. Predstavljeno je nekoliko hortikulturno zanimljivih endemičnih vrsta koje su već u programu uzgoja i prodaje te one koje još nisu: Chouardia litardierei (livadski procjepak), Degenia velebitica (velebitska degenija), Iris adriatica (jadranska perunika), Campanula fenestrellata ssp. istriaca (istarski zvončić), Petteria ramentacea (tilovina), Helleborus niger ssp. macranthus (velecvjetni kukurijek), Dianthus giganteus ssp. croaticus (hrvatski klinčić) i Alyssum montanum ssp. pluscanescens (siva gromotulja).Endemic species are taxa that live on geographically restricted area. According to Nikolić, endemic flora of Croatia consists of 384 species and subspecies of which are 110 stenoendemic and 274 endemic species. Their value is primarily biological but also estetic. Their protection is very important and can be protected in two ways, by protection of area and protection of species. Endemic species can often be found in heavily reachable places that are under small anthropogenic influence. However, these kind of areas are nowadays less present so precisely planned ways of protection are needed. For example, 'ex situ' protection which reduces the devastation of natural populations by licensed cultivation and selling of endemic species. The Botanical Garden of the Faculty of Science in Zagreb has the permission of Ministry of Protection of Environment and Nature, precisely of State Directorate for Environmental Protection and State Institute for Protection of Nature for 'ex situ' programme. A few horticultural interesting endemic species are represented. Some of them are already in the programme and some aren't yet. Those are Chouardia litardierei, Degenia velebitica, Iris adriatica, Campanula fenestrellata ssp. istriaca, Petteria ramentacea, Helleborus niger ssp. macranthus, Dianthus giganteus ssp. croaticus and Alyssum montanum ssp. pluscanescens