Gender and age as a risk factor for risky behavior

Rizična ponašanja opisuju se kao ponašanja djece i mladih koji se ponašaju na individualno štetan ili društveno neprihvatljiv način te koji iziskuju određenu stručnu socijalnopedagošku pomoć. Vršnjački pritisak se odnosi na očekivanje vršnjaka da se pojedinac ponaša na određeni način bez obzira na njegove želje. Za otpornost ne postoji univerzalna definicija, no mogli bismo reći kako se odnosi na djecu koja postižu pozitivne rezultate unatoč riziku. Istraživanje je provedeno na uzorku 78 učenika prvih i trećih razreda Prehrambeno-tehnološke škole u Zagrebu u lipnju 2016. godine. Cilj istraživanja je bio ispitati razlike u činjenju rizičnih ponašanja, doživljavanju vršnjačkog pritiska i otpornosti obzirom na spol i dob učenika. Podaci za prvi razred su prikupljeni u sklopu projekta FEHAP, dok je podatke za treći razred prikupila autorica ovog rada. Podaci su prikupljeni anketom koja je sadržavala socio-demografska i opća pitanja, Upitnik samoiskaza rizičnog i delinkventnog ponašanja SRDP-2015, Upitnik percipiranog vršnjačkog pritiska te Skalu otpornosti. Rezultati su pokazali da mladići češće čine rizična ponašanja na subskalama nasilničkog ponašanja i kockanja, a djevojke na subskali nasilja u obitelji i bliskim odnosima. S obzirom na dob, učenici trećih razreda iskazali su više takvih ponašanja na subskalama normativnih nepoželjnih ponašanja, nasilja u obitelji i bliskim odnosima te na prekršajnim i lakšim delinkventnim djelima. Nije se pokazala razlika u doživljavanju vršnjačkog pritiska s obzirom na spol, ali rezultati su pokazali da učenici trećih razreda doživljavaju veći vršnjački pritisak. Kod otpornosti nije dobivena statistički značajna razlika ni kod spola ni kod na dobi.Risk behaviors are described as behaviors of children and young people who behave in an individually damaging or socially unacceptable manner that require specific professional social and psychological assistance. Peer pressure refers to peer expectations that an individual behaves in a certain way regardless of his desires. There is no universal definition of resilience, but we can say that it refers to children who achieve positive results despite the risk. The survey was conducted on a sample of 78 students of the first and third grade of the Food Technology School in Zagreb in June 2016. The aim of the study was to examine the differences in the behavior of risk behavior, peer pressure, and resilience to gender and age. Data for the first grade were collected within the FEHAP project, while data for the third grade was collected by the author of this paper. Data were collected through a survey containing socio-demographic and general issues, Youth Self-reported Delinquency and Risk Behaviours Questionnaire SRDP-2015, Perceived Peer Pressure Questionnaire, and Resilience Scale. The results have shown that boys often make risky behavior in subscales of violence and gambling, and girls in subscales of family violence and close relationships. With regard to age, third-grade students showed more such behavior in subscales of normative undesirable behaviors, family violence and close relationships, as well as misdemeanor and delinquent acts. There was no difference in peer pressure in terms of gender, but the results showed that third-grade students are experiencing greater peer pressure. No statistically significant differences were observed in the case of resistance at both sex and age