Uloga odgojitelja u poticanju interaktivnih aktivnosti djece

Razvoj djece godinama je aktualna tema te se danas više no ikad propituju naĉini pristupa razvoju djece rane i predškolske dobi. Pristup i utjecaj na djeĉji razvoj mijenjao se kroz povijest. Tema ovog rada je samo jedna od uloga odgojitelja kojom se bavi suvremena teorija i praksa odgojno obrazovnih ustanova ranog i predškolskog odgoja. Rad polazi od šireg sagledavanja djeĉjeg vrtića kao zajednice. Polazište za pisanje rada su najnoviji dokumenti koji navode osnovne smjernice za rad u djeĉjim vrtićima u Republici Hrvatskoj, kao što je Nacionalni kurikulum za rani i predškolski odgoj (Ministarstvo znanosti, obrazovanja i sporta, 2014). Suvremena teorija institucijskog konteksta ranog i predškolskog odgoja polazi od konstruktivistiĉke teorije prema kojoj odgojno obrazovni kontekst ustanove ĉine prostorno i materijalno okruţenje, te socijalni odnosi koje ĉine odnosi meĊu djecom, odnosi meĊu odraslima, a od posebnog znaĉenja su odnosi djece i odraslih koji odreĊuju razinu njihovog meĊusobnog razumijevanja, kao preduvjeta razvoja djece i naĉina organizacije cjelokupnog odgojno obrazovnog procesa, što pak odreĊuje ulogu odgojitelja u interaktivnim aktivnostima. U radu se odreĊuje i objašnjava znaĉenje intersubjektivnosti i interaktivnosti za holistiĉki razvoj djece. U drugom dijelu rada prikazano je i interpretirano istraţivanje u kojem se usporeĊivao rad odgojitelja i studentica razliĉitih godina studija u aktivnostima te prikaz uloge odgojitelja u aktivnostima djece. Na kraju se iznose zakljuĉci provedenog istraţivanja iz kojih je vidljivo kako implicitna pedagogija i kompetentnost odgojitelja uvelike utjeĉu na rad s djecom te na razvoj aktivnosti djece. Istraţivanje prikazano u radu pokazalo je kako interaktivnosti djece ovise o razliĉitim ulogama odgajatelja tijekom aktivnosti koje pak pridonose razvoju ili koĉe razvoj aktivnosti djece, ĉime odgajatelj direktno utjeĉe ili koĉi holistiĉki razvoj djece.The development of children was interesting topic for years, and today more than ever, educators are questioning ways of approaching to development of children of early and preschool age. Theme of this thesis is only one of the roles of kindergarten teachers engaged in contemporary theory and practice of educational institutions of early and pre-school education . Thesis starts with the bigger picture of the kindergarten as a community. The starting point for the thesis is in the latest documents that outline the major guidelines for work in kindergartens in Croatia, such as the national curriculum for early and pre-school education (Ministry of science, education and sport, 2014). The modern theory of institutional context of early and pre-school education is based on the constructivist theory that the educational context institutions make spatial and material environment, social relations that make relationships between children and relations between adults. Relationships of particular importance, among the children and adults, that determine the level of their mutual understanding are prerequisite for the development of children and organization of the whole educational process, which in turn determines the role of kindergarten teachers in interactive activities. Thesis defines and explains the meaning of intersubjectivity and interactivity for holistic development of children. Second part of thesis shows an interpreted study where work of kindergarten teacher and students of different years of study is compered in the activities. It also shows role of kindergarten teachers in the activities of children. At the end there are conclusions of the study which showed that the implicit pedagogy and competence of kindergarten teachers greatly affect on work with children and the development of activities for them. Study shows how children's interactivity depends on the different roles of kindergarten teacher during activities that in turn contribute to the development or hinder the development of activities, which directly affects on a evolution or hampers holistic development of children