Biodiesel production from oleaginous microorganisms

Zbog sve veće potražnje za fosilnim gorivima, iscrpljivanja izvora, negativnog utjecaja na okoliš i promjenjivih cijena, ulože se veliki napor u pronalazak alternativnog goriva. Jedna od najperspektivnijih zamjena je biodizel zbog svoje ekološke prihvatljivosti, mogućnosti lokalne proizvodnje i smanjenja energetske ovisnosti. Proizvodnja biodizela počela je iz ulja uljarica, no zbog problema cijena hrane i moralnosti tražile su se jeftinije zamjenske sirovine poput lignocelulozne biomase. Danas se posebna pažnja pridaje oleaginoznim mikroorganizmima koji su sposobni nakupljati lipide u vrijednosti preko 70% vlastite biomase te se smatraju najperspektivnijom alternativom konkurentnoj proizvodnji biodizela spram fosilnog dizela. U ovom radu opisan je razvoj proizvodnje biodizela, objašnjavajući prateće probleme, dajući neka rješenja koja bi mogla osigurati konkurentnu cijenu biodizela čime bi se značajno povećalo njegovo korištenje u transportne svrhe.Due to the increasing demand for fossil fuels, less and less sources, negative impact on the environment and unstable prices, a lot of effort has been put into finding an alternative fuel. One of the most promising fossil fuel substitutes is biodiesel due to its environmental friendliness, possibility of local production and reduction of energy dependence. Biodiesel production had started from the oilseeds oil, but because of the food prices and morality people were seeking for cheaper alternative feedstock such as lignocellulosic biomass. Today, special attention is paid to oleaginous microorganisms which are capable of accumulating lipids over 70% of their biomass and are considered the most promising alternative that could compete with fossil diesel. In this work development of biodiesel production is described, explaining the encountered problems, offering solutions that could provide a competitive price of biodiesel that could significantly increase its use for transport purposes