Zrelost za školu

Cilj ovog završnog rada bio je objasniti zrelost djeteta za polazak u školu. U njemu ću prvo pokušati objasniti sam pojam zrelosti i nužnost postojanja sličnih izraza koji ju opisuju te važnost zrelosti za dijete koje polazi u školu. Kako je osnovna škola obavezna u RH, Ministarstvo prosvjete i športa izdalo je zakon po kojemu sva djeca koja do kraja ožujka tekuće godine navrše šest godina moraju krenuti u školu. Škola kao institucija pak ima određene zahtjeve za dijete, a hoće li se ono snaći i moći prilagoditi ovisi o stupnju njegove zrelosti. S obzirom da se djeca ne razvijaju jednakom brzinom niti tjelesno niti psihički jer to ovisi o mnogo različitih faktora, ta propisana kronološka dob djeteta nije jedini i pouzdani način mjerenja njegove zrelosti. Zato je tu zrelost važno uzeti kao širi pojam i u kasnijem dijelu rada ću navesti i objasniti različite aspekte koje ovaj pojam obuhvaća. Objasniti ću tko i kako procjenjuje zrelost djeteta za školu, te kroz karakteristike prosječnog djeteta te dobi prikazati što se sve uzima u obzir kako bi se to lakše moglo procijeniti. Priprema djeteta za školu počinje već od njegovog ranog djetinjstva, tako da ću objasniti kako obitelj i djetetova okolina utječe na tu pripremu, a osvrnut ću se i na rad predškole kao institucije čija to i je primarna zadaća. U završnom dijelu rada govorit ću o potencijalnim problemima razvojnih odstupanja te što je moguće učiniti ako ona postoje.The aim of this final work was to explain the maturity of the child for primary school. I will first try to explain the very concept of maturity and the necessity of similar terms that describe it as well as its importance for a child attending school. As primary school is compulsory in Croatia, the Ministry of Education has issued a law by which all children that reach six years of age by the end of March of the current year have to go to school. The school as an institution in turn has specific requirements for the child, and whether he or she is able to cope and adapt depends on the degree of maturity. Since children do not develop at the same speed nor physically nor mentally, because this depends on many different factors, the prescribed chronological age of the child is not the only reliable way of estimating his or her maturity. Therefore, it is important to take the term maturity in a broader concept, so in the later part of the paper I will state and explain different aspects that this concept covers. I will also explain who and how evaluates the maturity of a child for school, and using the characteristics of an average child of that age, I will try to show what is taken into consideration so this could be more easily assessed. Preparing a child for school starts from his early childhood, so I will explain how the family and the child's environment affect the preparation for school. I will also draw on the work of preschool as an institution of which this is the primary task. In the final part of the paper I will talk about the potential problems of developmental deviations, and what can be done if they exist