Hyperprolactinemia - a risk for metabolic syndrome

Metabolički sindrom pogađa sve veći dio svjetske populacije. Neka patološka stanja, za koja se prije nije razmišljalo u ovom pogledu, pogoduju razvoju metaboličkog sindroma, tako i kronična hiperprolaktinemija. Sve se više razmatraju metabolički učinci ovog hormona, dosad najpoznatijeg po amenoreja-galaktoreja sindromu u žena. Cilj ovog istraživanja je utvrditi učestalost metaboličkog sindroma u pacijenata s prolaktinomom, te analizirati povezanost prolaktina s parametrima metaboličkog sindroma, upale, te ostalim hormonima adenohipofize i perifernih žlijezda. ----- Ispitanici: Na temelju medicinske dokumentacije uključeno je 86 pacijenata s novootkrivenim simptomima hiperprolaktinemije i radiološki utvrđenim tumorom hipofize koji su bili hospitalizirani između 2010. i 2013. godine. ----- Metode: Svim je pacijentima učinjena magnetna rezonancija te su izmjereni hormoni i biokemijski parametri. Zabilježeni su i sistolički i dijastolički tlak te BMI. ----- Rezultati: Utvrđena je statistički značajno veća učestalost metaboličkog sindroma u skupini pacijenata s većom hiperprolaktinemijom (Cramer's V = 0,419, p = 0,029). Razina prolaktina pokazala je negativnu korelaciju s hormonom rasta i IGF-1, što je novi rezultat. Negativne su korelacije nađene i s T4, TSH, FSH, LH. Promjene u lipidogramu i hepatogramu razmjerne su razini prolaktinemije. Odrednice metaboličkog sindroma pokazale su povezanost s razinom prolaktina. Na temelju dobivenih rezultata uputno bi bilo obratiti pozornost na moguće poremećaje metabolizma u pacijenata s hiperprolaktinemijom.The incidence of the metabolic syndrome is growing daily. Some pathological states favor the development of metabolic syndrome, such as chronic hyperprolactinemia. The metabolic effects of prolactin, which was, up till now, known mostly by its amenorrhea-galactorrhea syndrome in women, are nowadays being examined. The aim of this research is to determine the incidence of metabolic syndrome in patients with prolactinomas and identify relations between prolactin and other hormones of the adenohypophysis and peripheral glands. ----- Patients: According to medical documentation, 86 patients were included in the research process. They had newly discovered symptoms of hyperprolactinemia and a hypophyseal tumor visualized by MRI. ----- Methods: Every patient had an MRI made and hormones and biochemical parameters were taken. Systolic and diastolic pressure was recorded, including BMI. ----- Results: A statistically significant increase in metabolic syndrome incidence was determined in the group of patients with higher prolactin levels (Cramer's V = 0,419, p = 0,029). The level of prolactin showed a negative correlation with growth hormone and IGF-1, which is a new result. Negative correlations were also found with T4, TSH, FSH, LH. Changes in lipid profile and liver transaminases were proportional to the hyperprolactinemia. Parameters of the metabolic syndrome were also dependent of prolactin levels. Based on these results, it would be wise to pay attention to possible metabolic disorders in patients with hyperprolactinemia