Orthodontic treatment of Down syndrome patients

Downov sindrom najčešća je kromosomska anomalija u čovjeka.Glavni uzrok nastanka je nerazdvajanje kromosoma. Fenotipski sindrom se manifestira kroz različite poremećaje organskih sustava. Hipoplazija srednje trećine lica i tendencija klasi III po Angleu najčešća je skeletna karakteristika u te populacije. Dentalne karakteristike uključuju razne poremećaje broja,oblika i strukture zuba. Osobe s Downovim sindromom pokazuju veliku sklonost razvoju parodontnih bolesti, a incidencija karijesa se smatra nižom nego u opće populacije. Mnoge orofacijalne karakteristike pogodne su za ortodontsku terapiju, što se potvrđuje visokom incidencijom poremećaja okluzije, funkcije i estetike. Osobe s Downovim sindromom predstavljaju vrlo izazovne pacijente u svakodnevnoj ortodontskoj praksi, no primjenom različitih tehnika kontrole ponašanja i suvremenim ortodontskim tehnikama takve pacijente možemo uspješno liječiti.Down syndrome is the most common chromosomeanomaly in humans. The main reason for its development is abnormal chromosome division. Phenotypic traits are manifested throughvarious disorders of organ system. Facial mid-third hipoplasy and the tendency ofclass III by Angle are the most comon skeletal features in this population. Dental characteristics include various anomaliesof the number, shape and structure of teeth.People with Down syndrome are prone to develop periodontal diseases, while it is believed that caries incidence is lower than in general population. Many orofacial features are suitable for orthodontic intervention, which is based on higher incidence in malocclusions and functional and aesthetic disruptions. People with Down syndrome are very challenging patients in everyday orthodontic practice, but with the help of different behavioural management techniques and modern orthodontic techniques,such patients can be treated successfully