Typical well control problems during well killing : master’s thesis

Kontrola tlaka u bušotini spada među najbitnije dijelove bušaće prakse. Ona predstavlja prvu liniju zaštite od nepovoljnih i moguće jako opasnih dotoka ili čak erupcija. Svaki dotok predstavlja problem, zaustavlja radove, koči napredak i kao takvog ga treba spriječiti. Kontrolom tlaka u bušotini ne samo da se osigurava sigurnost bušotine, nego i sigurnost postrojenja, osoblja i okoliša. Svaka izrada bušotine ima svoje specifičnosti i sa sobom nosi neke nepoznanice. Provedba postupka kontrole tlaka u bušotini ima dva preduvjeta, obučenu posadu i ispravnu opremu. U slučaju da jedna od te dvije komponente nije na potrebnoj razini, tada može doći do katastrofalnih posljedica. U radu su prikazane poteškoće uzrokovane neispravnošću i popuštanjem opreme te pokazatelji koji upućuju na poteškoće i pravilne reakcije na te poteškoće.Abstract: Well control is one of the most important parts of drilling practice. It represents first line of defense against adverse and possibly very dangerous kicks or even blowouts. Every kick represents a problem, stops works, hampers progress and it should be prevented. Well control assures not only well safety but also rig, personnel and environment safety. Drilling process is specific and has certain unknowns. There are two prerequisites for the implementation of well control procedure, trained personnel and effective equipment. If one of these two prerequisites is not fulfilled, results can have catastrophic consequences. This thesis covers well control problems that are caused by malfunctioning equipment, indicators of each problem and correct reactions to each one of them