Arbitrators and their exemption

Predmet rada su arbitri i njihovo izuzeće. Arbitraža predstavlja alternativni način rješavanja sporova kojeg provode arbitri, osobe imenovane za donošenje pravorijeka u konkretnom sportu između stranaka. Takvo imenovanje može biti posredno ( u tom slučaju osobe imenuju arbitražne ustanove ili ovlaštenici za imenovanje – najčešće državni sudovi ) ili neposredno ( u tom slučaju imenovanje vrše same stranke ). Prilikom imenovanja od osoba se u pravilu ne zahtjeva posebno državljanstvo i konkretna stručnost ( osim u slučaju specijaliziranih arbitraža kada arbitri moraju posjedovati znanja iz područja spora ) iako je poželjno da ih posjeduju kako bi se i ostvario cilj arbitražnog postupka, što je brzo, pravično i stručno rješenje spora. Arbitri s druge strane moraju posjedovati potpunu poslovnu sposobnost, a ukoliko se radi o međunarodnoj arbitraži također se očekuje da poznaju jezik na kojem se postupak vodi. Temeljne odlike arbitara su neovisnost i nepristranost, a oni moraju takvi biti ne samo na početku postupka nego i ostati do njegovog kraja. Jednom imenovani arbitri stječu određena prava i dužnosti, među kojima su efikasno vođenje postupka, obveza obavještenja stranaka ili tijela o okolnostima koje mogu narušiti njihovu nepristranost i neovisnost i konačno pravo arbitara na nagradu i naknadu troškova. Ukoliko arbitri te dužnosti ne izvršavaju mogu biti opozvani, a ako bi se pojavile okolnosti koje mogu narušiti njegovu neovisnost i nepristranost u postupku onda čak i izuzeti iz postupka i zamijenjeni drugim arbitrom. Iz rada se može zaključiti da osobe moraju posjedovati određene kvalitete kako bi bili imenovani za arbitre, a jednom imenovani moraju izvršavati svoje dužnosti kako je propisano. U suprotnom mogu biti opozvani ili izuzeti i zamijenjeni drugim arbitrom.Subject of this paper are arbitrators and their exemption. Arbitration represents alternative way of dispute resolution which is conducted by arbitrators, persons appointed to resolve and bring a rulling in the given dispute. Such an appointment can be both indirect ( in which case appointments are made by arbitration institutions or bodies authorized to nominate – most likely that will be national courts ) and direct ( in which case appoinments are made by parties in dispute ). To be nominated for an arbitrator, in general, a person does not need to be a to be a citizen of a special state nor a professionalist in the given area ( unless if the case is brought in front of special arbitration, when arbitrators must posses a certain knowledge ) although that is desirable for achieving the goal of the arbitration procedure, which is a fast, fair and professional resolution of the given dispute. On the other hand arbitrators must posses a full bussines capability, and in case of the international arbitration they need to know the language in which the procedure will be conducted aswell. Fundamentals of the arbitrator's character are both independence and impartiality, and they must remain as such all the way during the end of procedure. Once appointed arbitrators gain certain rights and obligations, some of which are effective conduct of the procedure, obligation to inform parties or bodies about circumstances that can bring their independence and impartiality to a reasonable doubt and finally a right of an arbitrator to a fee and cost reimbursement . If arbitrators do not execute their duties properly they can be revoked and if certain circumstances, which can bring their independence and impartiality in reasonable doubt, emerge they can even be exempt and replaced with another arbitrator. Conclusion can be made that a person must posses certain qualities in order to be appointed as arbitrator and once appointed arbitrators need to execute their duties in the procedure properly. In the contrary they can be revoked or exempt and replaced with another arbitrator