TOPIC ABOUT FISHES IN THE WORK WITH PRESCHOOL CHILDREN IN SLAVONIA AND THE CROATIAN COAST

Briga o okruženju svakim danom postaje sve značajnije područje u našem životu, a odgoj i obrazovanje za okoliš veže se i uz programsku koncepciju razvoja predškolskog odgoja i obrazovanja. Stoga je upoznavanje prirode od velike važnosti za pravilan psihofizički razvoj djeteta. Kako roditeljima, tako i odgojiteljima kako bi se dijete psihofizički pravilno razvijalo zadatak je osigurati djeci uvjete u kojima će imati mogućnost zadovoljiti svoju potrebu za istraživanjem i upoznavanjem svijeta kako bi ga zavoljeli i radili na očuvanju svega što ih okružuje. Ribarenje spada u grupu najstarijih ljudskih zanata i sama činjenica da još uvijek postoji govori dovoljno o prednostima bavljenja njime bilo kao sredstvo prihoda, bilo kao hobi. Ribe se dijele na morske i slatkovodne, a široko su rasprostranjene u gotovo svim vodenim ekosustavima na Zemlji. Danas na svijetu postoji oko 28.000 vrsta. Cilj ovog istraživanja bio je utvrditi razinu poznavanja riba među djecom predškolske dobi u Slavoniji i Hrvatskom primorju. Ispitivanje je provedeno u Dječjem vrtiću Jabuka u Osijeku, te u dječjem vrtiću Carić u Novalji na otoku Pagu. Uzorak istraživanja čine ukupno 25 djece iz Primorja (14 djevojčica i 11 dječaka) i 27 iz Slavonije (7 djevojčica i 20 dječaka). U istraživanju je kao instrument korištena anketa koja je sastavljena od 6 pitanja. Tipovi pitanja koja su korištena u anketi su: povezivanje i otvoreni tip pitanja. Kod otvorenog pitanja, najpoznatijom ribom pokazao se morski pas kojega se sjetilo 20 (39%) ispitanika, a kod imenovanja morski konjic sa 42 (80.8%) točnih odgovora. Da ribe dišu na škrge najbolje znaju slavonski dječaci, njih 4 (20%) dalo je taj odgovor. Od ostalih najpopularniji su bili na usta te nos. Predškolci su najsuglasniji oko pitanja tko lovi ribe. Da su to ribari zna 39 ispitanih predškolaca (75%). Djeca iz Osijeka najbolje znaju da se riba lovi na udicu, dok djeca iz Novalje često spominju i mreže. Osječani prepoznaju ukupno 22% morskih i 11% slatkovodnih riba, a Novaljci 19% morskih i 3% slatkovodnih riba. Rezultati ovog istraživanja zadovoljavajući su s obzirom na dob, no, dakako, ostavljaju prostora za uvođenje teme riba u predškolski odgoj.Environmental care is becoming an increasingly important area in our life, and education to the environment is linked with the program concept and the development of pre-school education. Therefore, exploring the Nature is of great importance for proper mental and physical development of a child. To both, parents and preschool teacher, in order to properly develop a child mentally and physically, have to provide good conditions for children to satisfy their need for research and exploration of the world. That way the kids will learn to appreciate nature and to work on the preservation of all that surrounds them. Fishing is one of the oldest human crafts and the fact that people are still dealing with it, speaks for its usefulness whether it is the source of income or a hobby. Fish are roughly divided between marine (oceanic) and freshwater ecosystems and are widespread in almost all aquatic areas on Earth. It is estimated that there are about 28,000 different species.The aim of this study was to determine the level of knowledge of fish among preschool children in Slavonia and those who live on Croatian coast. The survey was conducted in kindergarten "Jabuka" in Osijek, and in kindergarten "Carić" in Novalja, Pag. The research sample consists of a total of 25 children from the coast (14 girls and 11 boys) and 27 from Slavonia (7 girls and 20 boys). The method of conducting the research was a survey which was composed of six questions. Types of questions that have been used in the survey were: connectivity and open type questions. In an open type question about the most famous fish, it turned out that it was shark who was named by 20 (39%) subjects, and in the appointment of fish, sea horse is the winner with 42 (80.8%) correct answers. Fact that fish breathe with gills was best known among Slavonian boys, 4 (20%) of them gave this answer. Among the other most popular responses were: the mouth and the nose. Preschoolers most alike in answer when they were asked who fishes. That it was fishermen said 39 preschoolers (75%). Children from Osijek commonly referred to know that the fish is caught with hook, while kids from Novalja also mention nets. Osijek's preschoolers recognize total of 22% of marine and 11% of freshwater fish, and of children fom Novalja recognize 19% of marine and 3% of freshwater fish. The results of this study are satisfactory, bearing in mind subjects age, yet, it provides enough place for plan of introducing the topic of fish in preschool education program