Assessment of cognitive functions in chronic hemodialysis patients in University Hospital Osijek using Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) test

CILJ ISTRAŽIVANJA: ispitati kognitivni status bolesnika liječenih kroničnom hemodijalizom (HD) pomoću Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) testa i utvrditi odnos tog statusa s demografskim podacima, vremenskim podacima o liječenju HD-om i anemijom. NACRT STUDIJE: istraživanje je ustrojeno kao presječno istraživanje. ISPITANICI I METODE: u istraživanje je uključeno 100 bolesnika liječenih kroničnim HD-om na Zavodu za nefrologiju Kliničkog bolničkog centra Osijek, 61 muškarac (61 %) i 39 žena (39 %). Medijan dobi je bio 65,5 godina, od 18 do 86, interkvartilni raspon 58 - 73. Procijenjen je kognitivni status bolesnika na kroničnom HD-u pomoću MoCA testa. Podaci su statistički analizirani pomoću SPSS 16.0 (inačica 16.0, SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, SAD) (36). REZULTATI: kognitivni poremećaj (KP) je utvrđen u 69 (69 %) bolesnika. Bolesnici s KP-om bili su stariji, stariji su započeli liječenje kroničnim HD-om te su značajno kraće školovani u odnosu na bolesnike bez KP-a. Prevalencija KP-a razlikovala se i ovisno o dijagnozi osnovne bubrežne bolesti. Multivarijatna analiza pokazala je da je dob neovisan rizični čimbenik za KP prema MoCA testu, dok za obilježja dobi početka HD-a, duljinu školovanja i osnovnu bubrežnu bolest takvo značenje nije potvrđeno. Svaka godina života povećavala je rizik za KP za 19 %. ZAKLJUČAK: KP je čest u bolesnika na kroničnom HD-u, a učestalost se značajno povećava sa starijom životnom dobi bolesnika. To treba imati na umu kao važno obilježje i pri sestrinskom odnosu prema ovoj vrsti bolesnika.AIM. To examine cognitive impairment (CI) of chronic hemodialysis (HD) patients using Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) test and its association with demographics, time variables related to HD treatment and with anemia. STUDY DESIGN. Cross-sectional study. PATIENTS AND METHODS. Study included 100 chronic HD patients treated by chronic HD at Institute for Nephrology University Hospital Centre Osijek, 61 men (61 %) and 39 women (39 %), median age 65.5 years, from 18 to 86, interquartile range 58 – 73. Cognitive impairment was estimated by MoCA test. The data were statistically analyzed with SPSS (version 16.0, SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). RESULTS. Cognitive impairment (CI) was found in 69 (69 %) patients. Patients with CI were older and started chronic HD at older age, and were less educated than the patients without CI. Prevalence of CI differed according to the type of the kidney disease. Multivariable analysis showed the age was independent risk factor for CI, however, the age by chronic HD initiation, the length of education or type of kidney disease were of no significance. Every year of age increased the risk of CI by 19 %. CONCLUSION. CI occurs frequently in chronic HD patients and its prevalence increased with age. The nurses treating those patients should be aware of that patients’ condition and treat them according to their CI